1. Wireless Information Devices and the Mobile Internet
Charles Davies
Psion CTO

2. Contents Summary Introduce Psion, history
Symbian joint venture, history
Intro to Wireless Information Devices
WID design issues
Technology drivers

3. Summary Many kinds of devices will access the internet – not just PC’s
Wireless information devices will challenge the PC as the dominant internet access device
Mobile internet isn’t just WAP
WAP will probably be the main driver over the next 1-2 years
Psion believes in a richer mobile internet experience than is possible with just WAP – or even any browser
Gap between wireless and wired bandwidth will increase and devices need a significant off-line capability
SyncML is an important mobile internet standard
Future is unpredictable and exciting
Numerous potentially disruptive technologies
Many competing form factors and platforms
Complex industry value networks which have yet to “lock”
Network operators, content providers, device manufacturers

4. Psion

5. Psion’s History and Roots

6. Psion Vision
In the emerging age of mobile Internet, more and more people will depend on personal, wireless access to the Internet, wherever they are.
Mobile Internet will empower them in their work and personal life with information, communications, transactions and entertainment.
Since its inception, Psion has provided innovative solutions addressing real customer needs. Psion will shape and lead the mobile internet age by delivering distinctive mobile internet solutions and devices to people and organisations.

7. Psion PLC 28% owned Symbian Software Devices Computers Enterprise
Infomedia
Dacom/ Connect
Services
Internet

8. Psion Current Products
Travel modem
Revo
5mx
S7/NetBook HC
V-Comm
GoldCard
56k Modem
ISDN
GSM
10/100Ethernet
Communicator
Tablet
Smartphone
Workabout

9. Symbian

10. Symbian Joint Venture

11. Psion -> Symbian History
Psion Organiser I in 1984, 8-bit technology
Start work on 16-bit multi-tasking OS in 1988
Series3 launched in 1991
Starts work on 32-bit RISC (ARM) OS in Nov 1994
Psion Software division formed July 1996
Decision to license platform externally
Psion Software focuses on cellular device manufacturers
Acquires Nokia and Philips as licensees
Series5 launched in June 1997
On 24th June 1998, Psion Software turned into the Symbian joint venture with Ericsson, Nokia, Motorola, & subsequently Panasonic
Symbian now 560 people strong (from a base of about 100)

12. Symbian’s Mission
To set the standard for mobile wireless operating systems
To enable a mass market for Wireless Information Devices (WIDs)

13. Wireless Information Devices
Computing
Communication
Fixed
Phone
Desktop
Laptop
Mobile
Phone
Palmtop
Feature
Phone
Communicator
Smartphone
Internet

14. Crystal Pearl Quartz Symbian DFRDs
DFRD = Device Family Reference Design

15. The Symbian Platform 20% Symbian user interfaces
Crystal
Communicators
Quartz
Phone Pads
Pearl
Smartphones
20%
Symbian user interfaces
Symbian application engines
20%
Symbian system layer
Symbian Platform
55%
Symbian operating system 5%

16. Wireless Information Devices

17. Universal Internet Access
Fax
Corporate data
Messaging
Contacts
Agenda
Work PC
Secure personal data
WAP Phone
Home PC
Web Pad
PDA
Games
Console
Set Top Box
WID

18. Mobile Internet Devices
Simple Phone
SMS
Voice
WAP Phone
WAP
Connected PDA
HTML Local Processing
Local Memory
WAP/SMS
Java
SyncML
Sub- Notebook
Windows
HTML
WID
Local Processing
Notebook
Full PC
Enriched Client
Simple Client

19. Forces Driving Mobile Internet
Higher speeds + instant access/push
GSM/CDMA/TDMA -> GPRS -> UMTS
More & better devices
One box - WIDs - integrated GSM/CDMA/TDMA
Two box - PDAs + Bluetooth + Phones
Multimedia capabilities: audio/video
Every cell phone a WAP phone
Services aimed at mobile devices
Time and location sensitive/aware services
“Access-anywhere solutions” ,e.g. universal PIM
Voice input and voice-data integration
Media awareness
Hot topic fuelling demand

20. Mobile Internet Devices
Simple Phone
WAP Phone
Connected PDA
Sub- Notebook
WID
Notebook
Full PC
Enriched Client
Simple Client
Unit Shipments
280M
500M
22M
31M 8M
100M
2000
2003

21. Wireless Information Devices
Internet
Handheld
Computer
Mobile
Phone +
1Billion
Mobile Phone
Subscribers
1Billion
Internet
Users

22. Mobile Phones Surpass PCs
Sources: EMC 2000, Dataquest1999

23. Industry Value Chains Pipe or portal? Walled gardens? Sticky gardens?
There are three inter-related ‘value chains’ involved in provision of mobile internet solutions to the user
Need to understand and selectively play based on where value is captured, who owns the customer relationship
Terminals
H/w Components
Service delivery
Devices
S/w Components
Network
Infrastructure
Network
Operators
Service Providers
e-Commerce infra-structure
Content & services
Portals
Pipe or portal?
Walled gardens?
Sticky gardens?
Services

24. WID-addressed Mobile Needs
Personal
Organisation
Voice
Communication
Messaging ( , SMS, fax)
Information Access
Mobile Enterprise Computing
Mobile eCommerce
Entertainment
Handheld computer
Mobile phone
Voice - today's killer app!
Messaging - SMS, , instant messaging
Internet access - information, transactions, eCommerce
PIM - connected electronic organiser, OTA synch
Internet access is different from PC/IE5 access
Mobile internet will substitute and extend internet value
Not about a graphical experience necessarily
More about availability
Mobile phone is a good ID - inherently more secure than a PC

25. Core Benefits Connected Electronic Organiser Mobile Feature Phone
Dial/answer Contact
SMS Contact
Fax Contact
Contact
SyncML
Messaging
Internet
Access

26. i-Mode i-Mode has “crossed the chasm” in Japan
5 million subscribers now
10 million forecast within 18 months of launch
Overtaken Nifty (Japan’s largest wired ISP)
Subscribers currently increasing by >100K per week
>3k i-Mode web sites increasing by 150 per week
Controlled by network operator - NTT DoCoMo
Only 9600 bps - speed is not the main benefit
Uses PDC-P - packet switched service always on
Based on HTML 3.0 with additional tags
No new language for content providers to learn
Only Japan, so roaming not an issue
Very aggressive roadmap
Launched Feb , web access
Fall corporate intranet, transaction services, information services, data base and Entertainment services
Mid Colour terminal, groupware services
Fall kJava, games download
Spring G roll out - Music, video, TV conference etc.

27. WID Design Issues

28. Design trade-offs Data Phone Performance Availability Data vs. voice
Separate devices?
Separate networks?
Separate service contracts?
Performance vs. availability
Performance: functions, processing power, screen, keyboard
Availability: size, weight, battery life, instant on, responsiveness
Data
Nokia 9110
Palm VII
RIM Blackberry
Smartphone
Mobile phone
Phone
Performance
PC Notebook
Series7
Data vs phone chart compares wirelessly connected devices - all have aerials
Performance vs availability compares non-wireless (except IrDA) data devices
Combine the two trade-offs and then add in 1-box vs 2-box and you have a lot of design choices
The point is that there is no obvious winning trade off
Conclusion 1: Device market is likely to be segmented
Conclusion 2: There will be market successes and failures
Like playing high-stakes battleships in n-dimensional space
Series5
Revo
Palm III
Availability

29. Form factors 2-box 3-box Phone IrDA or Bluetooth Handheld Computer
Keyboard vs. pen
Just pen, just keyboard or keyboard+pen
Pointing devices improve the UI experience
Keyboards make text input easier
1-box vs. 2-box (or even 3-box)
IrDA 2-box
Bluetooth 2-box (or 3-box)
Flexibility vs. simplicity
Hold to ear vs. headset and hands free
Voice control?
IrDA or Bluetooth
Handheld
Computer
2-box
Radio
Bluetooth
Handheld
Computer
Headset
3-box

30. Application models Thin client (fixed client) WAP, Web (HTML), Citrix
Easiest to program, widest standard
Synchronisation
SyncML
Responsive off-line usage, best user experience, efficient use of wireless bandwidth
Client-server
Connected Java or C++ application
Best on-line user experience
Push
New model, SMS smart messaging
Asynchronous notifications 13

31. WID Platform Positioning
Rich user experience
Citrix
EPOC C++
HTML
Java
Web clipping
Network dependent
Off-line capable
I-mode
SMS
WAP
Basic user experience

32. Enriched Mobile Internet
TomTom Quartz demo
See

33. Technologies

34. Technologies Microbrowsers SyncML GSM -> GPRS -> EDGE -> UMTS
Bluetooth
Java
DAB
Speech recognition

35. Microbrowsers WAP C-HTML I-mode Microsoft have their own cut down HTML
Palm’s Web clipping
“Full” HTML in a small screen
Psion (EPOC), Nokia 9110 (GEOS)
Symbian communicator class devices will have a full browser
XHTML is attractive
Multimode microbrowsers
E.g. HTML + WAP

36. WAP Functionally similar to Web Very limited client capability assumed
Designed for small screens, limited OS, narrow bandwidth,high latency – “long thin pipe”
All mobile phones will have a WAP browser soon
WAP browser compatibility is biggest issue today
Some security problems at the gateway
WAP implementations will get better
WAP standard will evolve and get better
WAP essentially mandated by network operators
Several 100M WAP phones will drive WML content/services
Will not charm (user interface not good)
Really needs GPRS – which is really coming
WAP is a “must have” but it is not the full mobile internet answer
Attractive to content/application providers because of installed base

37. Browser Platform Data Source XML Transcoding (Using e.g. XSL) n n n
HTML
Small screen HTML
WML
WML/HTTP
WAP Gateway
WMLBIN/WSP
PC Web Browser
WID Web Browser
WAP Browser

41. Repurposing Data Source HTML Repurposing Proxy WML WAP Gateway
PC Web Browser
Small screen HTML
WML
WAP Gateway
WID Web Browser
WAP Browser

42. Multimode Browser Data Source XML HTML WML WAP Gateway Opera Browser
WAP Browser

43. SyncML Industry initiative for an open synchronisation platform
Sponsored by Ericsson, IBM/Lotus, Motorola/Starfish, Nokia, Palm & Psion
Enduring need for local data despite improvements in wireless bandwidth and coverage
E.g. you don’t want to use WAP to get every contact number
Synchronised data includes contacts, calendar, todo’s, files, database records, application programs
Standard sync protocol that meets the need for interoperability between terminals and servers
Terminals: from phones to WID’s to PC’s
Services: Internet-based PIM, , backup, installing applications
Psion producing EPOC client and corresponding services
See

44. Bluetooth Low cost, low power short distance radio link Data and Voice
10m range but can be turned up to 100m
Uses globally available spectrum (2.4GHz)
Overwhelming industry support
Makes 2-box and 3-box more attractive
Also attractive for accessing LAN’s via network access points
More effort to ensure interoperability than IrDA
Integration cost target is $5 but this needs time and enormous volume
2-3 years to reach sub $10
See 15

45. Wireless broadband? Speed will drive market growth
Growth in Wireless Data Speeds
Speed will drive market growth
Speed will improve markedly
But this has been over-hyped
Real speed less than theoretical maxima
A few megabits per base station
Broadband is “Always On” connectivity model
No call set-up required
Instant Access
Better user experience
Enables new / richer applications
2,000
1,500
Megabits Per Second
1,000
500
GSM
GPRS
EDGE
UMTS
Today

46. GPRS Packet switched data on GSM networks
IP connection to network operator’s intranet
Coverage starting 2nd half 2000
Full domestic roll-out will take ~2 years, roaming support may take longer, numerous practical problems
Always connected more important than bps
Will transform WAP experience
GPRS data rates have been over hyped
Super hype 170kbps, hype 115kbps, reality 43kbps
Charging model still uncertain
One simple option is price per packet
E.g. NTT DoCoMo charges 0.3 Yen per 128-byte packet ($24 per MB or $1.35 per minute assuming $1=100Yen) 16

47. Number of Users per GSM Transmit Channel
Based on statistical assessment
Source: Nortel

48. GPRS Data Throughput Data Throughput (kbps)
Based on statistical assessment
Source: Nortel
Number of Users

49. Digital Audio Broadcasting
Also called Digital Radio
Digital replacement of Analogue FM/AM
FM/AM transmissions will cease in 5-10 years
Eureka 147
Pioneered by the BBC some 10 years ago
ETSI standard for transmission of DAB (1995)
Being adopted world-wide (except US & Japan)
Availability
BBC have been broadcasting since 1995
UK Commercial stations launched November ’99
In Europe, DAB transmissions are available to 150 million people

50. World-wide Adoption

51. User Benefits of Digital Radio
Near-CD Quality Sound
MPEG1, Layer II : more like Minidisk (5:1) than MP3 (12:1)
Robust reception
Interference-free, even when mobile
Single Frequency Network
No re-tuning required when travelling
More listening choice
Several new Digital-only stations
Data Services
PAD - Artist and Track names with Audio stream
Packet Mode - Broadcast Web Sites

52. DAB Multiplex
To make efficient use of the frequency spectrum, several audio and data services are brought together into one Multiplexed bit-stream
Audio
Service 1
1.5 Mbps
Audio
Service 2
Audio S1
192 Kbps
Audio S2
192 Kbps
Audio S3
96 Kbps
Data S1
64 Kbps
Audio
Service 3
Examples of data rates:
Stereo Music Service Kbps
Mono Music Service 96 Kbps
Mono Speech Service 64 Kbps
Data Service (multiples of 8 Kbps) 64 Kbps
Data
Service 1
Note: The sub-channels can be dynamically reconfigured
by the Multiplexer without interrupting the audio flow

53. Broadcast Websites DAB is true ‘push’ technology
Can provide a flow of real-time information from Internet content
BBC’s Vision Radio is created from BBC On-Line site
News, Weather, Travel, Sport & Electronic Program Guides
Can be ‘synchronised’ with Audio transmission
Commercial stations looking at E-commerce options
New Advertising opportunities
Carousel transmission
Like Teletext, data has to be transmitted in a Carousel
Data must be repeated as user can switch on at any time
Receiver builds a copy of the Website in memory (1-2MB)
Can request data with a back channel via PSTN or GSM Modem

54. WaveFinder – A Smart Antenna for the PC
PC based DAB receiver
Uses PC CPU, display and sound system
Connects via USB
Links Radio to the Web (25% of surfers listen to the radio)
High quality audio source
CD Quality unlike FM or ‘streamed’ radio
Record in secure MP3 format on hard-disk or CD-R
For MP3 users, it is the first ‘free-to-air’ source of MP3 music
Receive new data services
PAD and Broadcast Web Sites
PC provides back-channel
Fixed today, mobile tomorrow, DAB with GPRS back-channel
See

55. Problem for Java to solve
NT, Unix, Linux,
Solaris, MVS, AS400,
VMS, legacy
Server
Problem for
Java to solve
Desktop
Windows
Devices
EPOC, CE, PalmOS,
Linux, JavaOS, OS/9,
Proprietary

56. Java 2 Configurations Profiles CDC = Connected Device Configuration
CLDC = Connected Limited Device Configuration (KVM)
MID = Mobile Information Device

57. Java on WID’s MExE (ETSI GSM standard)
Mobile Station Application Execution Environment
MExE classmark 1 is WAP
MExE classmark 2 is WAP + Java
Symbian supports Java
JAE on e.g. Psion NetBook
PersonalJava and JavaPhone on new DFRDs
J2ME profile/configuration to be decided thereafter
UI library is an issue (AWT unsuitable for some devices)
All EPOC devices will ultimately ship with Java
Applications, Applets, IBM’s DirectDOM
Highly likely that standard Java platforms will be defined in the WID space

58. Speech Recognition
Limited vocabulary recognition is comfortably achievable
Speech dictation is borderline on next generation hardware platforms
E.g. 200MHz ARM, 64Mb memory
Speech UI’s need to be worked out
WID form factor could be more ergonomically viable than a PC
More natural to hold to mouth
No large keyboard to compete with
PC dictation took off when 230 MHz PC’s arrived
It’s more a question of when rather than if

59. Summary Many kinds of devices will access the internet – not just PC’s
Wireless information devices will challenge the PC as the dominant internet access device
Mobile internet isn’t just WAP
WAP will probably be the main driver over the next 1-2 years
Psion believes in a richer mobile internet experience than is possible with just WAP – or even any browser
Gap between wireless and wired bandwidth will increase and devices need a significant off-line capability
SyncML is an important mobile internet standard
Future is unpredictable and exciting
Numerous potentially disruptive technologies
Many competing form factors and platforms
Complex industry value networks which have yet to “lock”
Network operators, content providers, device manufacturers

60. Wireless Information Devices and the Mobile Internet
Charles Davies
Psion CTO