1. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Extensions of Mendelian Genetics Chapter 4 Lecture Concepts of Genetics Tenth Edition

2. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 4.1Alleles Alter Phenotypes in Different Ways Wild type Loss of function Null Gain of function New alleles are produced by mutation

3. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 4.2Geneticists Use a Variety of Symbols for Alleles

4. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 4.3Neither Allele Is Dominant In Incomplete, or Partial, Dominance

5. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 4.1

6. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 4.4In Codominance, the Influence of Both Alleles in a Heterozygote Is Clearly Evident (There’s no “blending” of phenotypes)

7. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 4.5Multiple Alleles of a Gene May Exist in a Population 4.5.1The ABO Blood Groups 4.5.2The A and B Antigens

8. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

9. Figure 4.2

10. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 4.5Multiple Alleles of a Gene May Exist in a Population 4.5.3The Bombay Phenotype

11. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 4.3

12. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 4.5Multiple Alleles of a Gene May Exist in a Population 4.5.4The white Locus in Drosophila More than 100 alleles

13. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 4.1

14. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 4.6Lethal Alleles Represent Essential Genes 4.6.1Recessive Lethal Mutations

15. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 4-4 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. ?

16. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 4.6Lethal Alleles Represent Essential Genes 4.6.2Dominant Lethal Mutations

17. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 4.7Combinations of Two Gene Pairs With Two Modes of Inheritance Modify the 9:3:3:1 Ratio

18. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 4.5

19. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

21. 4.8Phenotypes Are Often Affected by More Than One Gene 4.8.1Epistasis

22. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 4.6

23. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

25. Figure 4.7

26. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 4.8

27. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 4.9

28. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 4.9Complementation Analysis Can Determine if Two Mutations Causing a Similar Phenotype are Alleles

29. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 4.11

30. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 4.10Expression of a Single Gene May Have Multiple Effects Pleiotropy

31. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 4.11X-Linkage Describes Genes on the X Chromosome 4.11.1X-Linkage in Drosophila

32. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 4.12

33. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 4.13

34. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 4.11X-Linkage Describes Genes on the X Chromosome 4.11.2X-Linkage in Humans

35. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Table 4.3

36. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 4.14

37. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 4.12In Sex-Limited and Sex-Influenced Inheritance, an Individual’s Sex Influences the Phenotype

38. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 4.15

39. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 4.16

40. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 4.13Genetic Background and the Environment May Alter Phenotypic Expression 4.13.1Penetrance and Expressivity

41. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 4.17

42. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 4.13Genetic Background and the Environment May Alter Phenotypic Expression 4.13.2Genetic Background: Suppression and Position Effects

43. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 4.18

44. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 4.13Genetic Background and the Environment May Alter Phenotypic Expression 4.13.3Temperature Effects—An Introduction to Conditional Mutations

45. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 4.19

46. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. 4.13Genetic Background and the Environment May Alter Phenotypic Expression 4.13.4Nutritional Effects 4.13.5Onset of Genetic Expression 4.13.6Genetic Anticipation 4.13.7Genomic (Parental) Imprinting

47. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.