1. Masahito TOMIZAWA and Satoshi MIHARA Accelerator and proton beam

2. Outline 2 Proton Acceleration Extraction/Transport Experimental Area

3. Proton Acceleration

4. Requirements on the Proton Beam Beam Energy and power: 8GeV, 56kW(7  A) Bunch width and bunch-bunch spacing:~100nsec, ~1  sec Extinction: <10 -9 Bunched slow extraction (slow extraction w/o switching off acceleration RF cavity)

5. Proton Acceleration Nominal scheme RCS: h=2 MR:h=9 8 buckets filled 1 empty bucket, used for kicker excitation MR RF cavities are designed for this scheme h=18 optional by removing capacitors on cavities Need long shutdown to change the configuration 8 filled buckets out of 9 buckets

6. Proposed Scheme (I) RCS: h=2 with one empty bucket MR:h=9 with 5 empty buckets Bunched slow extraction Slow extraction with RF cavity ON, 210kV Realization of an empty bucket in RCS by using the chopper in Linac Simple solution No need of hardware modification Heavier heat load in the scraper Possible leakage of chopped beam in empty buckets Simple solution No need of hardware modification Heavier heat load in the scraper Possible leakage of chopped beam in empty buckets

7. High-frequency Chopper

8. RCS Bunch Structure Chop! RCS RFQ Bunch structure

9. Proposed Scheme (II) & (III) Space charge tune shift is half of (1) Longitudinal emittance is twice of (1) NO EMPTY BUCKET IN RCS RCS RF system needs minor modification (low level RF) NO EMPTY BUCKET BOTH IN RCS AND MR Space charge tune shift is half of (1) LARGE MODIFICATION OF MR RF SYSTEM IS NECESSARY Long bunch

10. Proton Acceleration Prospect Try scheme (I) first for an extinction study No hardware modification is necessary Investigate Time structure of the proton beam Heat load at chopper RF voltage while extraction Scheme (II) may be able to be tested if h=1 operation of RCS is realized for MR intensity upgrade Check how extinction can be improved

11. MR Simulation 11 Can we estimate the extinction using simulation? Difficult… Impossible to trace >10 9 particles

12. 0turn,0s,Bf=0.046 3GeV 82600turn,0.4414s,Bf=0.047 7450turn,0.04011s,Bf=0.0504000turn,0.02154s,Bf=0.049 3GeV Acceleration 160kV constant 482800turn,2.54086s,Bf=0.037 30GeV

13. Extraction/Transport

14. Extracted Beam Size Acceptance at MR slow extraction line and transport line is 25  mmmad Beam size shrink by adiabatic damping is SMALL in 3  8GeV acceleration Nominal scenario space charge tune shift: -0.24 (RCS), -0.2 (MR) 144  (0.4GeV)  54  (3GeV)  35  (8GeV) 1.5 times 1.5times Strategy Keep MR rep. rate as high as possible reduce particle number in the bunch to suppress space charge effect Accelerate beam with smaller emittance than nominal This can be achieved by reducing painting area in RCS narrowing transport line and MR collimator apertures

15. Possible RCS Painting and MR Operation Pattern 0.16x10 14 ppb (1/2.6 of designed value) 144  (0.4GeV)  36  (3GeV)  15  (8GeV) RCS tune shift -0.046 93  (0.4GeV)  23  (3GeV)  10  (8GeV) RCS tune shift -0.072 Need measurement MR operation pattern 8GeV extraction 7  A, 56kW RCS: h=1 (1 bunch) MR: h=9 (4 bunch), 4 batch injection Need 6 RF cavities operational (currently 4 in operation with 1 spare)

16. Extraction Same with normal slow extraction Can we keep bunch structure during slow extraction process? Test of “normal” slow extraction at 30GeV is scheduled on 27/Jan

17. Bunched Slow Extraction 8GeV energy h=9, RF cavity ON, 210kV EL=3eVs, matched ellipse Before extraction at ESS Extracted beam at ESS 70nsec

18. Uniformly distributed beam (H:80  m, V:20mm) hits the ESS wires normally MARS Simulation Model of the ESS

19. “ real loss” = N(hitted p)-N(scattered p)/N real loss 0.14%=1kW remaining protons ・ scattered to extracted side (one pass) ・ scattered to circulated side (circulate in the ring) Protons scattered at the ESS wires (MARS) Scattered to extracted side 40cm downstream from ESS exit Scattered to circulating side

20. Transport to the Target Detailed study is not started yet Probably COMET needs external- extinction device, like AC dipole, to improve the extinction after extraction The transport line must be long enough (50-100m) to include necessary equipments. R&D work is in progress by the COMET group in collaboration with the Mu2e group

21. Status of J-PARC Accelerator 21 Successful acceleration to 30GeV Preparation of slow extraction in Jan-Feb Test of bunched slow extraction Extinction measurement

22. Exp. Hall 22 The hall itself is ready. Beam line construction is in progress 4 secondary beam lines are planned to be built 1 primary beam line in (near) future 30GeV 8GeV

23. A possible layout… 23

24. Summary J-PARC proton acceleration for COMET Dedicated beam bunch configuration with bunched slow extraction Scheme (I) can be tested in 2009 Extraction/Transport possible area layout

25. Bunch length

26. Stripline AC dipole at 80 kHz excites coherent vertical betatron resonance Fast (100 ns) kickers cancel AC dipole at the bunches Kicker duty factor is low 100 ns / 2.7  s = 4% Concept tested in FY98 using existing AC dipole and kickers AGS internal extinction test (from BNL K. Brown slide) Internal Extinction Device