1. STAGES IN U.S. EXPANSION 1803: Louisiana Purchase 1823: Proclamation of the Monroe Doctrine 1846-47: Mexican-American War 1867: Alaska Purchase 1890: Wounded Knee Massacre marks the end of the Indian Wars 1898: Conquest of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Phillippines; formal annexation of Hawaii 1904: Proclamation of the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine 1906-14: Construction of the Panama Canal

2. McKinley campaign poster, 1896: He championed protective tariffs and the Gold Standard against William Jennings Bryan

3. THE CARIBBEAN AROUND 1914

4. THE USS MAINE ENTERS HAVANA HARBOR, JANUARY 1898

5. 261 of the 355 crew members died after the explosion on February 15

6. “Destruction of Admiral Cervara’s Spanish Fleet off Santiago de Cuba in 1898”

7. Col. Theodor Roosevelt and his “Rough Riders” on San Juan Hill, July 1, 1898

8. Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919) Rancher, hunter, naturalist, and historian New York City Police Commissioner Appointed Asst. Secretary of the Navy in 1897 Founded the Rough Riders in 1898 Elected governor of New York, November 1898 Chosen as McKinley’s Vice- President in 1900 U.S. President, 1901-08, offering the “Square Deal”

9. THE “ROOSEVELT COROLLARY” TO THE MONROE DOCTRINE (from Theodore Roosevelt’s “Fourth Annual Message to Congress,” December 6, 1904) “It is not true that the United States feels any land hunger or entertains any projects as regards the other nations of the Western Hemisphere save such as are for their welfare. All that this country desires is to see the neighboring countries stable, orderly, and prosperous…. If a nation shows that it knows how to act with reasonable efficiency and decency in social and political matters, if it keeps order and pays its obligations, it need fear no interference from the United States. Chronic wrongdoing, or an impotence which results in a general loosening of the ties of civilized society, may in America, as elsewhere, ultimately require intervention by some civilized nation, and in the Western Hemisphere the adherence of the United States to the Monroe Doctrine may force the United States, however reluctantly, in flagrant cases of such wrongdoing or impotence, to the exercise of an international police power.”

10. The Panama Canal (built from 1906 to 1914)