1. Copyright © 2013 Chmura Economics & Analytics Economic Impact of Refugees in the Cleveland Area Refugee Services Collaborative 28-Oct-2013

2. Copyright © 2013 Chmura Economics & Analytics Key Findings $4.8 in million in per year spending by the Refugee Service Agencies yields substantial and positive results: – ≈ 66% is federal money A total economic impact of $48 million per year Refugee Spending Refugee Service Agencies Refugee Small Businesses Supports 650 jobs & 2.7 million in tax revenue 1 : 10 impact ratio

3. Copyright © 2013 Chmura Economics & Analytics Other Economic Impacts Refugee arrivals 2000-2010 averted a 3.1% greater population decline in Cuyahoga County Estimated 248 houses purchased from refugees arriving after year 2000 Refugees more likely to be entrepreneurs & create small businesses 17,000+ refugees since 1983 have settled in Greater Cleveland

4. Copyright © 2013 Chmura Economics & Analytics Economic Impact Induced Impact (Worker Spending) Indirect Impact (Local Supply Chains) Direct Impact Refugee Organizations Refugee Household Spending Refugee-Owned Business

5. Copyright © 2013 Chmura Economics & Analytics Annual Economic Impact in 2012 was $48 million and 650 jobs Economic Impact Summary of Refugee and Refugee Services in the Cleveland Area DirectIndirectInducedTotal Refugee Service OrganizationSpending (Millions) $4.4$0.4$1.7$6.6 Employment 95314112 Refugee Household SpendingSpending (Millions) $22.2$5.2$5.9$33.3 Employment 2914055386 Refugee-Owned BusinessesSpending (Millions) $7.6$2.0$2.4$12.0 Employment 1411519175 TotalSpending (Millions) $33.4$7.6$7.0$48.0 Employment 5265865650 Note: The total impact is smaller than the sum of the three components as overlapping impacts were removed in aggregation. Source: Chmura Economics & Analytics

6. Copyright © 2013 Chmura Economics & Analytics State of Ohio Fiscal Impact, 2012 Annual State Tax Revenue Refugee Service Organizations Refugee Household Spending Refugee BusinessesTotal Individual Income Tax$79,805$837,574$89,730$1,007,110 Commercial Activity Tax$0$57,734$19,865$77,599 Sales Tax$0$529,089$196,847$725,936 Total$79,805$1,424,397$306,442$1,810,644 Source: Chmura Economics & Analytics

7. Copyright © 2013 Chmura Economics & Analytics Local Fiscal Impact, 2012 Estimated Local Taxes by County and Municipality Sales TaxIncome TaxAdmission TaxTotal Cuyahoga County$296,974 City of Cleveland$292,968$18,980$311,948 City of Lakewood$142,533$7,695$150,228 City of Cleveland Heights$44,979$1,093$46,071 Rest of Municipalities$91,578$1,641$93,219 Total$296,974$572,058$29,408$898,440 Source: Chmura Economics & Analytics Annual County and City Tax Revenue Refugee Service Organizations Refugee Household Spending Refugee BusinessesTotal Municipal Income Tax$45,331$475,758$50,969$572,058 County Sales Tax$0$216,446$80,528$296,974 Municipal Admission Tax$0$29,408$0$29,408 Total$45,331$721,612$131,497$898,440

8. Copyright © 2013 Chmura Economics & Analytics 4,518 Refugees Arrived Since 2000

9. Copyright © 2013 Chmura Economics & Analytics Cleveland’s Welcoming Legacy Cleveland averaged: ≈ 570 refugees a year 1983-2004 ≈ 330 refugees a year 2005-2012

10. Copyright © 2013 Chmura Economics & Analytics Thriving In Cleveland Employment & wage profile of refugees in Cleveland is better than national norms – 73.5% employed (2012) vs. 58% national norm (2006) & 68.2% in select cities (2008) – 8.1% receiving public assistance after 2-years (2012) vs. 12.4% in select cities (2008) – Household income $31,000 (2012) vs. $25,000 in select cities (2008) After 5 years, 58% of refugees over the age 16 were employed vs. 63% for U.S. population – 69% of refugee households are completely self-sufficient – No macroeconomic findings that refugees raise unemployment rates among the native population – Second generation educational attainment is higher than overall population

11. Copyright © 2013 Chmura Economics & Analytics THANK YOU! Questions?

12. Copyright © 2013 Chmura Economics & Analytics Top 15 countries account for 91% of all refugees to the area