1. The Wireless Industry: 9-1-1 Emergency Communications for Today & Tomorrow 1 CTIA Presentation to FCBA Atlanta Chapter March 27, 2015

2. CTIA is an international, nonprofit membership organization representing all sectors of wireless communications, including: Service providers Manufacturers Wireless data and internet companies Learn more at www.ctia.org CTIA – The Wireless Association® Matthew Gerst, Director, External & State Affairs (MGerst@ctia.org) Matthew Gerst, Director, External & State Affairs (MGerst@ctia.org)

3. There are over 330 million active wireless subscriptions in the U.S. There are over 330 million active wireless subscriptions in the U.S. The average smartphone user checks their phone 150 times per day. The average smartphone user checks their phone 150 times per day. 45% of households are wireless-only. 17% are wireless-mostly. 45% of households are wireless-only. 17% are wireless-mostly. 45 million Americans use mobile as their primary Internet device. Annual text messages dropped from 2.2 trillion to 1.9 trillion between 2012 and 2013. 45 million Americans use mobile as their primary Internet device. Annual text messages dropped from 2.2 trillion to 1.9 trillion between 2012 and 2013. U.S. wireless carriers invested more than $34 billion in their networks in 2013. The U.S. leads the world in 4G LTE. U.S. wireless carriers invested more than $34 billion in their networks in 2013. The U.S. leads the world in 4G LTE. 9-1-1 service is available to 99% of the population. There are almost 6,000 public safety answering points (“PSAPs”) in the U.S. 9-1-1 service is available to 99% of the population. There are almost 6,000 public safety answering points (“PSAPs”) in the U.S. Consumers Use More Wireless Than Ever Sources: FCC 16 th Annual Mobile Competition Report, CTIA Semi-Annual Industry Survey, National Emergency Number Association (August 2014)

4. Wireless & 9-1-1: Today & Tomorrow What is Wireless 9-1-1 Today? What is Wireless 9-1-1 Today? –Current 9-1-1 System, despite E9-1-1 upgrades, relies on 40 year old circuit switched technology. –Public is increasingly using Internet Protocol (“IP”) based services: text/e-mail, VoIP, video conferencing, social media, etc. Next Generation 9-1-1 (NG911) Tomorrow Next Generation 9-1-1 (NG911) Tomorrow –All Forms: Voice, Text & Video (Direct to PSAP) –Features: Anywhere, Any Device (NENA) –Are State Public Safety IP Deployments NG911? Technology Standards (NENA, 3GPP, Others)Technology Standards (NENA, 3GPP, Others) Individual PSAP Adoption vs. State/Regional CoordinationIndividual PSAP Adoption vs. State/Regional Coordination Funding & Regulatory FrameworkFunding & Regulatory Framework 4

5. Text to 9-1-1: Here and Now Carrier-NENA-APCO Voluntary Agreement Carrier-NENA-APCO Voluntary Agreement –Participating Carriers: AT&T, Sprint, T-Mobile, Verizon Wireless –June 2013: Carriers make “bounce back” available to subscribers. The “bounce back” is used when Text to 9-1-1 is unavailable. –May 2014: Carriers fulfill commitment to make Text to 9-1-1 services available to subscribers. Only requesting PSAPs will receive text messages from subscribers. FCC Requires Wireless and Interconnected Text Providers to Support Text to 911 FCC Requires Wireless and Interconnected Text Providers to Support Text to 911 –May 2013: “Bounce Back” Required by Sept. 2013 –August 2014: FCC Requires All Wireless Carriers and Interconnected Text Message Providers to Support Text to 9-1-1 to Requesting PSAPs by YE 2014 Outstanding Issues Outstanding Issues –PSAP Adoption & Funding About 200 PSAPs in 19 states (March 2015); Fulton/Paulding (GA) –Public Education – April is 911 Education Month 5

6. Wireless 9-1-1 Location Accuracy Today 6 E9-1-1 Phase I: Route to PSAP Based on Cell Site E9-1-1 Phase II: Provide Latitude/Longitude within 50 to 300 Meters Issue: Why can an app locate me, but 9-1-1 can’t?

7. Wireless 9-1-1 Location Accuracy Tomorrow 7 Dispatchable Location or Latitude/Longitude within 50 Meters 40 percent of all wireless 911 calls within 2 years 40 percent of all wireless 911 calls within 2 years 50 percent of all wireless 911 calls within 3 years 50 percent of all wireless 911 calls within 3 years 70 percent of all wireless 911 calls within 5 years 70 percent of all wireless 911 calls within 5 years 80 percent of all wireless 911 calls within 6 years 80 percent of all wireless 911 calls within 6 years

8. 911 is on a Path Consistent with Commercial Location Based Services (LBS) to Harness all Available Technologies 911 is on a Path Consistent with Commercial Location Based Services (LBS) to Harness all Available Technologies –Dispatchable Location – the Gold Standard Change the goal from: “38°54'16.7"N Latitude, 77°02'44.6"W Longitude”Change the goal from: “38°54'16.7"N Latitude, 77°02'44.6"W Longitude” To: “1400 16 th St NW, Suite 600”To: “1400 16 th St NW, Suite 600” –Establish a National Emergency Address Database (NEAD) of Wi-Fi and Bluetooth LE Beacons with Z-axis technology as a backstop Solving indoor location challenges with indoor location technologiesSolving indoor location challenges with indoor location technologies –Improve GPS with Assisted Global Navigation Satellite System (A- GNSS) Verify and Characterize Technology Performance Verify and Characterize Technology Performance –Open and Transparent Test Bed to Any Location Technologies –Six Test Regions: Atlanta, Chicago, Denver, Manhattan, Philadelphia, San Francisco Live Call Data to Measure and Track Performance Live Call Data to Measure and Track Performance 8 A New Paradigm for Wireless 9-1-1 Location

9. Federal NG911 Activity Next Generation 9–1–1 Advancement Act of 2012 Next Generation 9–1–1 Advancement Act of 2012 –Defines NG911 –Grants: $115 Million (Subject to Incentive Auction) –Extends prohibition on fund diversion –Expressly applies existing Federal liability protection for 9-1-1 and E9-1-1 to NG911 FCC NG911 & Text to 9-1-1 Activity FCC NG911 & Text to 9-1-1 Activity –NG911 Legal Framework Report to Congress (Feb. 2013) –FCC Public Notice associated with their Technology Transition Task Force (TTTF) includes trials focused on NG911 FCC Advisory Committees FCC Advisory Committees –CSRIC IV Reports –PSAP Optimization Task Force –DAC Emergency Communications Subcommittee DOT Blue Ribbon Report on Funding (Dec. 2013) DOT Blue Ribbon Report on Funding (Dec. 2013) –Survey and review of available approaches to 9-1-1 funding. 9

10. Hot Topics: NG9-1-1 Transition Challenges Funding Funding Regulatory Authority Regulatory Authority –Federal v. State v. Local (almost 6k PSAPs) –Desired: Liability protection, State or Regional Coordination, PSAP readiness –Undesired: Technology mandates Spectrum & Infrastructure Spectrum & Infrastructure –More spectrum and infrastructure is needed to meet demand Text-to-9-1-1 Text-to-9-1-1 –PSAP Adoption –Public Education Wireless Location Accuracy Wireless Location Accuracy –NEAD –Test Bed Accessibility for Persons with Disabilities Accessibility for Persons with Disabilities 10

11. Wireless Emergency Alerts Wireless Emergency Alerts –Wireless service providers covering over 97% of consumers have voluntarily committed to support the Wireless Emergency Alert (WEA) system, providing presidential, imminent threat, and AMBER alert notifications to consumers. Cybersecurity Cybersecurity –CTIA’s Cybersecurity Working Group has released three whitepapers on cybersecurity issues. CTIA is active both in the NIST National Cybersecurity Framework, and on the FCC Communications, Security, Reliability and Interoperability Council (“CSRIC”) process relative to how the Framework is applied in the telecom sector. Network Resiliency Network Resiliency –The CTIA Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery Program emphasizes “the three P’s” for wireless providers: Planning: anticipating potential issues in your service area, designing redundant networks;Planning: anticipating potential issues in your service area, designing redundant networks; Preparedness: portable base stations, hardening, backup power;Preparedness: portable base stations, hardening, backup power; Partnership: coordination with national, state and local agencies.Partnership: coordination with national, state and local agencies. The Wireless Industry’s Continuing Commitment to Public Safety 11

12. Appendix: Statutes & Regulations Governing 9-1-1 Statutes Statutes –The Wireless Communications and Public Safety Act of 1999 (P.L. 106-81) (“The 9-1-1 Act”) –The Ensuring Needed Help Arrives Near Callers Employing (“ENHANCE”) 9-1-1 Act (P.L. 108-494) (“The ENHANCE 9-1-1 Act”) –The New and Emerging Technologies 9-1-1 Improvement Act of 2008 (P.L. 110-283) (“The NET 9-1-1 Act”) –Next Generation 9–1–1 Advancement Act of 2012 (Title IV, Subtitle E of the Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012) (P.L. 112-96) (“The NG9-1-1 Advancement Act”) Regulations Regulations –FCC Regulates Wireline, Wireless, Interconnected VoIP and Interconnected Text Message Providers for 9-1-1 Services (47 C.F.R. § 20.18, 47 C.F.R. Part 9 and 47 C.F.R. § 64.3001) –State and local jurisdictions regulate PSAPs –State jurisdictions regulate aspects of legacy wireline 9-1-1 networks and services 12