1. “Grammar to Explain” Need we finish that by three? [ 조동사 / 의문문, 부정문 ] (=Do we need to finish that by three?) ―Yes, you must [have to]. / No, you needn't [don't have to]. He needed not do that then. (×) He didn't need to do that then. [ 과거시제에서는 일반동사 ] How dare you order me to get your personal things?[ 조동사 ] 어떻게 감히 나에게 너의 개인적인 물건을 갖고 오라고 명령할 수 있는가 ? John daren't approach her. [ 조동사 ] =John doesn't dare to approach her. [ 일반동사 ] John dared not approach her. [ 조동사 ] =John didn’t dare to approach her. [ 일반동사 ]

2. Maxims Introduced by Teacher Life is not a bed of roses, but neither need it be a field of battle. Lord Avebury If you desire glory, you may envy Napoleon. But Napoleon envied Caesar, Caesar envied Alexander, so I dare say, Alexander envied Hercules, who never existed. from Bertrand Russel's “The Conquest of Happiness” The dreams that you dare to dream really do come true. from the song “Over the Rainbow” sung by Judy Galland

3. Maxims Translated by Student If you know the enemy and know yourself, you need not fear the result of a hundred battles. Sun Tzu (early 4th century BC) They are slaves who fear to speak / For the fallen and the weak....... They are slaves who dare not be / In the right with two or three. from “Stanzas on Freedom” by James Russell Lowell (1819-1891)

4. “My Maxim” Activity 다음의 명언들처럼 자신이 평소에 생각하는, 인간의 약한 면을 단언 ( 斷言 ) 해보세요. If you desire glory, you may envy Napoleon. But Napoleon envied Caesar, Caesar envied Alexander, so I dare say, Alexander envied Hercules, who never existed. All the people may envy a rich man. But a rich man also envies a person who is much richer than he, so I dare say, a millionaire envies a billionaire.