1. Foundations of Government

2. John Locke People born w/ 3 natural rights (life, liberty & property)
Created social contract theory of government:
People agree to obey government as long as government protects rights
If government violates rights, can overthrow it

3. Montesquieu Republican government gives citizens power to govern
Created idea of “separation of powers”
Government divided into 3 separate branches

4. Montesquieu
Prevents one from becoming too powerful
Checks & balances

5. Quick Check Partner A Partner B
What natural rights did Locke preach about?
What was the social contract theory of government?
Partner B
What type of government was Montesquieu an advocate for?
What was the purpose of the separation of powers & checks and balances

6. Magna Carta English charter limiting powers of King
Nobility & king have to obey all laws
Nobility can overthrow king if he broke law
Influenced U.S. Constitution & Bill of Rights

7. English Bill of Rights Protects rights of citizens
Lists rights citizens entitled too
Laws created by Parliament, not king
Influenced U.S. Bill of Rights

8. English Bill of Rights Examples of rights:
Individuals have right to keep & carry guns
Elections to Parliament must be free
Monarch could not:
Collect taxes without consent of Parliament
Interfere with free speech
Maintain army in times of peace
Excessive bail or cruel punishment

9. Mayflower Compact
Created by Pilgrims when they arrived in Plymouth, MA
First document to establish self-government in the colonies
Based on majority rule
Citizens abide by compact for sake of survival

10. Review… 1) What 2 documents were based off Locke’s ideas?
2) What are the 3 natural rights?
3) The idea that people will obey the government as long as it protects their rights is called what?
4) What theory did Montesquieu come up with regarding government?
5) What was the purpose of this idea?
6) How many separate branches was the government broken up into?
7) What was the purpose of the Magna Carta?
8) What was the purpose of the English Bill of Rights?
9) First document to establish self-government in colonies was what?