1. Social Psychology
What influences us

2. Social Psychology
Scientific study of how a person’s behavior, thoughts and feelings are influenced by the real, imagined, or implied presence of others
Why study social psychology. We are social creatures now more than ever. We are influenced by those around us. Even those that say they do not care what others think are influenced to not act a fool, think before they speak and dress appropriately
Sociology is different – it is the study and classifications of human societies
Does not always mean conformity, you are all different but alike

3. Social Influence
The real or implied presence of others can directly or indirectly influence the thoughts, feelings, and behavior of an individual
Can occur even when a person may not want to go along with the group
Even in the presence of others

4. Within 7 minutes the mall assigned extra security guards
Within 10 minutes they shut down popular stores
Regular person Brett Cohen 21 years old wondered what would happen if he hired bodyguards, paparazzis, assistants and a publicist and walked around NYC pretending to be someone famous
When asked what was famous song, responded, movie spider man. Gonna be a great movie actor

5. Conformity Changing one’s own behavior to match others Asch’s study
Seven participants in a room
Told study on visual judgment
Only one real participant
Others were told to pick same wrong answer

7. What happened? The person gave the same wrong answer
An experiment in America now might not get the same results as in 1950’s
Other cultures might still conform
Hong Kong
Japan
Online experiment and the cultural different disappears

8. Groupthink
When people of a group find group cohesiveness more important than considering the facts
War on Iraq
Titanic
Challenger
Why would group think occur?
Group can do no wrong
Stereotyped views of those that disagree
Exert pressure
Bush and his admin decided to find hussain and top him, they believed this needed to be done he had weapons, which no one has seen, there were advisors that did feel this was a good idea, but no one stepped up and said a word
No life boats
Faulty part
Jury is a group think enviro

9. Compliance
Occurs when people change their behavior as a result of the influence of another person or group
Consumer Psychology
How to get people to buy what you are selling
Techniques
Foot in the Door
Door in the Face
Lowball
That’s not All
Does not even have to be an expert convincing you, doesn’t even typically have any authority or power to command, obedience
Info mercials
Diet pills
Can I volunteer to help you…while hoping to get a job there
Will you buy this pricey item, no well how about this smaller version
World of sales, once a commitment is made the cost increases. First month is free. Or low cast does not include additional charges
Info mercial, but you get two for the same price

10. Obedience Changing your behavior at the command of an authority figure
Police officer
Teacher
Work supervisor
Military officer
How far would you go to obey?
In the last slide of compliance, a salesperson has no real authority to make you buy a car
We talked at the beginning of class and tried to watch a movie on a person being told to shock another person

11. Milgram’s Experiment Placed add in paper to recruit people
Told they were to test the effects of punishment on learned behavior
Participants believed that they had been randomly assigned to either the
Teacher, which is where they were all put
Learner, had a script to follow with each jolt
Wanted to push it farther than just lines on a page
Crying out with the higher the voltage 150 – 330 being let me out let me out let me out

12. Milgram’s what happened?
Many professionals believed the person would not go over 150
65% went all the way to the final 450 volt shock level
None quite before reaching 300 volts
Retesting in US and other countries concluded the same results
Psychologists, college students

13. Milgram, Why
Those that wen to 450 showed no personality traits to have high levels of obedience
Should this type of experiment even be done?
Cause self esteem issues with volunteers
Psychological stress
Milgram stated that 84 percent of the people were happy to be part of the experiment
Follow up psych exam of participants showed no harm or trauma

14. Group Behavior Group polarization Social Facilitation
Members take a more extreme position than they would as individuals
Social Facilitation
Presence of others to have a positive impact on the performance of an easy task
Social Impairment
Negative impact
Social Loafing
Person puts in less effort when working with others
Social influence is large in a group
Outside of a jury the person may want to give a 10 year sentence for a 5-15 year span, then in a group they would go higher, to 15.

15. Social Cognition
The way people think about other people and how those cognitions influence behavior toward those other people
First Impressions
How we perceive others
How we explain the behavior of others
This is where we draw conclusions, right or wrong

16. ABC’s of Attitudes
Attitude is a tendency to respond positively or negatively toward a certain person, object, idea or situation
You are not born with attitudes, they are learned in the environment that you grow up in
We may make up our minds before even trying something new
Developed through a persons experiences as they live work
Can affect how we behave towards a person idea object and situation even before we have full knowledge about it.
Includes opinions, beliefs and biases
This is where we just know that
IVCC bias,

17. Components of Attitude
Affective Component
Affect means emotions feelings
How you might feel about certain music, movies
Behavior Component
Action that you might take in regard to the person, object, or situation
Buy certain music, go to movies you like
Cognitive Component
way you think about yourself, an object or an event. Including beliefs and ideas
You might think the music you like is better than any other
With this research shows that what people say and what they do are two different things
Also parents, doctors professionals may not always walk the walk, do as I say not as a do attitude

18. Attitude Formation Learning, we learn our attitudes
Direct contact with the object, person, or situation
Direct instruction by a parent or another individual
Interaction with others, we may be influenced by who we spend time with
Vicarious Conditioning (observational learning) we may learn our attitudes by watching others in our lives, in the media, in books, at school
We may go to a scary movie and not like it, grow up listening to country music and not like it
A parent might put in a child’s brain how bad drugs or smoking is. They may also put in head prejudices. We are not born with them
If our friends are smoking or into a certain activity we would follow

19. Attitude Change The art of persuasion
What does it take to change your attitude?
Attitude is learned and can be changed
Source, who is the expert changing it?
What is the message? Clear well organized

20. Cognitive Dissonance
When we have a sense of discomfort when our behavior and beliefs do not match
When we do something against who we really are
How to fix it
Change our behavior
Change cognition to justify behavior
Form new cognitions to justify behavior
When attitude and behaviors clash
We experience tension and do not like ourselves and feel bad
I want to be healthy, I eat at McDonalds once a week, resulting in feeling bad over eating their
Do not eat there
Eating there is not that bad
I will not eat two cheeseburgers just one

21. Social Categorization
Assignment of a person to a category based on characteristics the person has in common with other people you have experienced in the past
Stereotypes are when the person is categorized superficially, when it is believed all people who look like that must be…
First impressions, you walk into an interview as a girl a short skirt, or a guy with baggy pants, not a good idea they are important
All people with many tattoos are druggies and dangerous

22. Attribution Explaining own behavior and the behavior of others
Situational cause, external factors, such as delays, the actions of others, or some other aspect of the situation
Dispositional cause, internal factors, such as personality or character
We have a need to explain people behavior, we will make up reasons to explain a behavior. The kids or person that shot up places. We need to know why, even if we make up the reson ourselves

23. Prejudice and Discrimination
Prejudice is holding an unsupportive and often negative attitude about member of a particular social group
Discrimination is treating people differently because of the prejudice toward the social group to which they belong
Treating a person according to their culture is not discrimination. In counseling I had to keep in mind the cultural values and beliefs of my clients. I did not assume, that would be discrimination. Not smart enough, not willing to work, oh you must live in housing or from a single parent home. That would be discrimination
Separating blacks and whites at schools was a form of discrimination, the desegregation laws fixed that in 1957
Many forms of discrimination ageism, sexism, racism, religion, sexuality and marriage

24. Brown Eyes vs. Blue Eyes
Small town in Iowa in 1968 two days after the assassination of Dr Martin Luther King
See how the kids had discrimination/prejudice in them already
How quick the blue eyed kids fell into their “role”

25. Ben Wilson Played for Simeon Voc HS in Chicago
First Chicago basketball player to be named the top high school basketball player in the country
November 20, 1984, Wilson was shot
Family sued hospital for projected earning $10 Million dollars
Ben "Benji" Wilson (March 18, 1967 in Chicago, Illinois - November 21, 1984) was a basketball player who was shot to death on the eve of the start of his senior season in high school.
Wilson led Simeon Vocational High School (now known as Simeon Career Academy) of Chicago to the Illinois State Championship His friend and Illinois teammate, former NBA player Nick Anderson, wore the jersey-number 25 during his career in his honor.
His story was the focus of a Nike advertisement that aired during the 1997 NBA Playoffs, which featured an aged man stating:
"One out of every five black men die before they reach the age of twenty-five. That was Benji's number. Benji was the first in Chicago history to ever be named top high school player in the nation, right before he was gunned down. But you know what? Benji's not dead: Benji's spirit lives on in every jump shot. Remember: Shoot over brothas, not at them."
University of Memphis star point guard Derrick Rose graduated from Simeon in Throughout his high school career he wore jersey number 25 in honor of Wilson.
On the afternoon of November 20, 1984, Wilson was shot while walking up Vincennes Avenue with his girlfriend, Jetun Rush. There was a confrontation between Wilson and Billy Moore (aged 17) and Omar Dixon (aged 14), and Wilson was shot by Moore.[5] His aorta was severed and his liver damaged, and he died the next day after surgery at St. Bernard Hospital was unsuccessful.[2][6] Wilson's family later sued the hospital for $10 million, as they felt medical care had been inappropriately delayed

26. How do we learn it? Social identity theory Stereotype vulnerability
We view ourselves as part of a certain group
We categorize others into certain groups
We compare ourselves to other groups, mostly in a better way
Stereotype vulnerability
Person’s awareness of the stereotypes associated with their social group
So a black person may want to straighten their hair, have lighter skin to not fall to the stereotypes
Members of the stereotyped groups are anxious that they are behaving as the stereotype
When two groups were tested, the one group was asked to put down race, the other was not which one scored higher?

27. How do we overcome it? Education!!!
Learn about others different than yourself
Have contact with other cultures, colleges are a great way to have intergroup contact, no one is an outsider