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Chapter 2: Molecules, Ions, and Compounds MACROSCOPIC SCALE Elements combine to make compounds. ATOMIC SCALE Atoms combine to make molecules, or extended.

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Presentation on theme: "Chapter 2: Molecules, Ions, and Compounds MACROSCOPIC SCALE Elements combine to make compounds. ATOMIC SCALE Atoms combine to make molecules, or extended."— Presentation transcript:

1 Chapter 2: Molecules, Ions, and Compounds MACROSCOPIC SCALE Elements combine to make compounds. ATOMIC SCALE Atoms combine to make molecules, or extended structures.

2 What we’ll cover… Compound Formulas Ions –Monatomic –Polyatomic Ionic Compounds Molecular Compounds Other types of extended Structures

3 Compound Formulas Examples: NaCl CH 3 OH (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4

4 Three Types of Compounds Molecular Covalent Extended Covalent Ionic

5 Types of Formulas

6 IONS Cations Formed by losing electrons. Have a positive charge. Formed mainly from metals.

7 IONS Cations Formed by losing electrons. Have a positive charge. Formed mainly from metals. Anions Formed by gaining electrons. Have a negative charge. Formed mainly from nonmetals.

8 Monatomic Ions- Formed from single atoms

9 Naming IONS Cations Name of element + “ion” Na + = sodium ion Mg 2+ = magnesium ion

10 Naming IONS Cations Name of element + “ion” Na + = sodium ion Mg 2+ = magnesium ion Anions Name of element with –ide ending + “ion” Cl - = chloride ion O 2- = oxide ion

11 Polyatomic Ions you need to know

12 Ionic Compound Formulas Total cation charge = Total anion charge Ex: Na + and Cl - make ________

13 Ionic Compound Formulas Total cation charge = Total anion charge Ex: Na + and Cl - make NaCl Mg 2+ and Cl - make ________

14 Ionic Compound Formulas Total cation charge = Total anion charge Ex: Na + and Cl - make NaCl Mg 2+ and Cl - make MgCl 2 NH 4 + and SO 4 2- make _________

15 Naming Ionic Compounds Name = cation name + anion name Ex: NaCl = NH 4 Br =

16 Molecular Compounds Nonmetal + nonmetal gives molecular compound Ex: C + O S + O C + H

17 Aside on gas prices… Crude oil Propane Butane Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel/Heating Longer molecules(asphalt/tar)

18 Predicting Molecular Compound Formulas

19 Naming Molecular Compounds Binary Compounds form between 2 elements

20 Naming Molecular Compounds Binary Compounds form with 2 elements Element with highest group # named last, like it’s an anion.

21 Naming Molecular Compounds Binary Compounds form with 2 elements Element with highest group # named last, like it’s an anion. Use prefixes to indicate numbers: 2 = di 3 = tri 4 = tetra 5 = penta

22 Network Solids Held together like a molecule Large and extended


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