1. Chapter 6, part 2 Database System Development (cont.) Based on G. Post, DBMS: Designing & Building Business Applications University of Manitoba Asper School of Business 3500 DBMS Bob Travica Updated 2015

2. DBSYSTEMS Complex Controls Used on Forms Examples:  Tab  Grid  Calendar  Gauge  Slider  Spin Box Tab Grid Gauge Slider Spin box Calendar 2 of 20

3. DBSYSTEMS Linking Forms Customer FirstName: Mary LastName: Jones Address: 123 Oaxaca Ave. City: Los Angeles ZipCode: 90086 Gender: Female Age: 20 AccountBalance: $150 Sale Customer FirstName: Mary LastName: Jones Address: 123 Oaxaca Ave. Animals Purchased Merchandise Edit Using forms for the output by linking them. Button triggers query for the customer record Subforms 3 of 19

4. DBSYSTEMS Complex Inputting via Forms – Flow and Calculations Linking via forms object collection: Forms ! [Form Name] ! [Control] AnimalID is passed from Animal form to Sale form Subtotals and subforms  Calculate subtotal in subform ItemsSold  Pass the result of calculation (Subtotal) to main form Sale (Forms![MainForm]![SubForm].Form![Control])  Add more calculations on main form (Tax, Order Total) Animal AnimalID Sale =Forms!Animal!AnimalID - - - - - - - Subtotal=Sum(Price*Quantity) =Forms!Sale!ItemsSold.Form!Subtotal ItemsSold =Subtotal*[TaxRate] Subtotal Tax =Subtotal+Tax Order Total Task: Start sale while querying an animal record. 4 of 20

5. DBSYSTEMS Forms and Integrity  Avoid relying on forms for integrity  Set integrity conditions in table definitions  Be sure to set referential integrity (relationships)  Use forms for input validation – contribution to data integrity  Main purpose of form:  Use forms to increase usability of user interface (ease of use, efficiency): 5 of 20

6. DBSYSTEMS International Attributes  Language  Character sets and punctuation marks  Sorting  Data formats  Date  Time  Metric vs. Imperial system  Currency symbol and format  Separators (decimal,...)  Phone numbers Separators International code prefix  Postal codes  National ID Numbers 6 of 20

7. DBSYSTEMS Direct Manipulation of Graphical Objects  Ease data input for end-users: Drag and drop objects (blue arrows). Tabby Brown Lab Current Choices Kennel/ Orders Bird Cat Dog Spider Fish Mammal Reptile 7 of 20

8. DBSYSTEMS Creating a Graphical Approach  Get the hardware.  Scanners, Microphone and Sound card, Camera  Lots of disk space.  High speed processors.  Design:  Add an object column to your table definition.  Avoid using graphics just for show.  Double-click, drag-and-drop as manipulation methods 8 of 20

9. DBSYSTEMS Reports  Security concerns:  Distribution lists & secure lines  Numbering each report  Concealed/non-printed content  Secure printers  Transmission limits  Print queue controls  Core of system development  Electronic, but can also be printed on paper.  Database + queries & reports = TPS;  TPS + more elaborate reports = MIS, reports define MIS  How often is report generated?  Events that trigger report? (time - regular, by user – exception reports)  Size of report? Copies? Colors?... 9 of 20

10. DBSYSTEMS Paper Report Terminology  Page Layout  Landscape v. portrait  Margins  Gutter (binding space)  Typefaces  Serif (Times New Roman)  Sans-serif (Arial, Verdana)  Fixed width  Font size  common: 10-12 point Facing pages (portrait) gutter margins 10 of 20

11. DBSYSTEMS Paper/Electronic Report Types: Tabular 11 of 19

12. DBSYSTEMS Electronic Report Types: Group  Organizing report around a certain attribute  Example: Column Order with associated Items Calculations supported 12 of 20

13. DBSYSTEMS Electronic Report Design View  Ideas of hierarchy and nested structuring…  Report Header  Page Header  Group Header1  Group Header2 ...  Detail ...  Group Footer2  Group Footer1  Page Footer  Report Footer More… 13 of 20

14. DBSYSTEMS Electronic Report Design Terminology  Group Footer  Subtotals for the group.  Page Footer  Printed at the bottom of every page--page totals or page numbers and notes.  Report Footer  Printed one time at the end of the report. Summary notes, overall totals and graphs for entire data set.  Report Header  Title pages that are printed one time for entire report.  Page Header  Title lines or page notes that are printed at the top of every page.  Group Header  Data for a group (e.g., Order) and headings for the detail section.  Detail  Innermost data. More… 14 of 20

15. DBSYSTEMS Report of Orders Rpt footer: graph Orders by Customer Group1: Customer H1: Customer name, address, … F1: Customer total orders: Group2: Order H2: Order#, Odate, Salesperson. F2: Order total: Sum(Extended) Detail: Item#, Qty, Extended Electronic Report Design – Groups  Groups used for 1:M relationships.  Use a query to join all necessary tables.  Can include all columns.  Use query to create computed columns (e.g., Extended:Price*Quantity).  Each one-to-many relationship becomes a new subgroup.  Customer(C#, Name, …)  Order(O#, C#, Odate, …)  OrderItem(O#, Item#, Qty, …) 15 of 20

16. DBSYSTEMS Report Computations  Query does:  Some row computations.  Extended Price = Price*Quantity  Report does:  Totals of grouped records.  Page and report totals.  Other computations: commission = rate * total  Scope depends on location  Group footer: subtotal  Page footer: page total  Report footer: report total 16 of 20

17. DBSYSTEMS Graphs in Reports  Graphs  Separate query needed.  Detail  Locate in detail or group footer section.  Avoid aggregation and groups in query.  Include column that links to detail query in report.  Subtotals and totals  Typically located in report footer or header.  Compare group totals  Relies on Group By and aggregation.  Be sure query groups match report groups. 17 of 20

18. DBSYSTEMS Graphs From Queries  Build a query that generates the data to be graphed.  Numeric data  Columns to link to form.  Summary chart--unlinked. Sale 1 Sale 2 Sale 3 Merchandise Animal Total Sales Merchandise Animals 18 of 20

19. DBSYSTEMS Graph for Groups 19 of 19