1. Chapter 5 pages 82 - 93 Warm up Define deformation Exit
Explain how isostatic adjustment works
Objectives
We will be able to predict isostatic adjustments that will result from changes in the thickness of the earth’s crust.
Homework
Chapter 5 Vocabulary – Define terms – give a fact
Read pages 82-93

2. Vocabulary Chapter 5; define and write sentence or draw
Deformation
Isostasy
Isostatic adjustment
Stress
Strain
Compression
Tension
Shearing
Folding
anticline
syncline
Monocline
Fault
fracture
Hanging wall
footwall
Normal fault
Reverse fault
Thrust fault
Strike-slip fault
Mountain belt
Mountain range
Mountain system
Plateau
Volcanic mountain
Graben
Folded mountain
Dome mountain
Fault-block mountain
Fault PLane

3. California Science Content Standards Covered:
Plate tectonics operating over geologic time has changed the patterns of land, sea, and mountains on Earth's surface. As the basis for understanding this concept:
3C: Students know how to explain the physical properties of rocks based on the physical and chemical conditions in which they were formed, including plate tectonic processes

4. Objectives chapter 5.1
predict isostatic adjustments that will result from changes in the thickness of the earth’s crust.
Identify sources of stress in crustal rock.

5. predict isostatic adjustments that will result from changes in the thickness of the earth’s crust.
The principle of isostatic adjustment
When the crust becomes heavier, it sinks; when it becomes lighter, it rises
Stress is the amount of force per unit area that is placed on a given materials. Stress causes strain
Strain is a change in the shape or volume of rock

6. predict isostatic adjustments that will result from changes in the thickness of the earth’s crust.
Isostasy is the balancing of two forces
Ex: Two block floating in the water
When it comes to the Earth’s crust, a landform (e.g. a mountain, glacier) can cause the lithosphere to BEND – this bending is called an ISOSTATIC ADJUSTMENT

7. predict isostatic adjustments that will result from changes in the thickness of the earth’s crust.
As ISOSTATIC ADJUSTMENTS occur, the crust is bent – thus the DEFORMATION OF THE CRUST
Examples: Mountain ranges, rivers, glaciers

8. Identify sources of stress in crustal rock.
2 causes of STRESS
Isostatic Adjustment
Tectonic Plate Movement
Strain is the ACTUAL change in the shape of rocks, CAUSED by STRESS
3 types of STRAIN
Compression – push together
Tension – pull apart
Shear – tear apart

9. Identify sources of stress in crustal rock.
The three main types of stress
Compression – rocks squeezed together
tension – rocks pulled apart
shearing – rocks bent, twisted, broken apart.
Contrast the isostatic adjustment that might result from the melting of glacial ice with the isostatic adjustment that a large river emptying into the ocean might cause

10. Plate Boundaries & The Stress of Strain

11. Objectives chapter 5.1
predict isostatic adjustments that will result from changes in the thickness of the earth’s crust.
Identify sources of stress in crustal rock.

12. Vocabulary Chapter 5 Section 2
Folding
anticline
syncline
Monocline
Fault
Fault fracture
Hanging wall
footwall
Normal fault
Reverse fault
Thrust fault
Strike-slip fault

13. Objectives chapter 5.2
Compare folding and faulting as responses to stress.
Describe four types of faults.

14. Compare folding and faulting as responses to stress.
Folding is what results when rock responds to stress by permanently deforming without breaking
Faulting is more likely to occur near the surface than deep within the earth
Pressure are too high deep within the earth for faulting to occur
Temperature allows the rock to flow more easily

15. Compare folding and faulting as responses to stress.
3 types of Folds
Anticline
Syncline
Monocline

16. Describe four types of faults.
Normal:
Reverse fault:
Thrust fault:
Strike-slip fault:

17. Describe four types of faults.
Normal Fault
Reverse Fault

18. Describe four types of faults.
Thrust Fault
Strike-slip Fault

19. Objectives chapter 5.2
Compare folding and faulting as responses to stress.
Describe four types of faults.

20. Vocabulary Chapter 5 Section 3
Mountain belt
Mountain range
Mountain system
Plateau
Volcanic mountain
Graben
Folded mountain
Dome mountain
Fault-block mountain

21. Objectives chapter 5.3
Identify the types of plate collisions that build mountains.
Identify four types of mountains and discuss the forces that shaped them.

22. Identify the types of plate collisions that build mountains.
3 Different Types of Plate Collisions
Oceanic-Oceanic
An oceanic plate subducts below an oceanic plate.
The water trapped under pressure melts part of the subducting lithosphere.
This magma rises on the ocean floor forming an island arch of Volcanoes.
Japan, Fiji, and Mariana are all examples.

23. Identify the types of plate collisions that build mountains.
3 Different Types of Plate Collisions
Oceanic-Continental
Oceanic plate is subducted under a continental plate.
this causes large scale compression, form large mountains.
there is some melting of the subducting plate, that may produce volcanic mountains.
Some mountains may have been formed from micro-terranes.

24. Identify the types of plate collisions that build mountains.
3 Different Types of Plate Collisions
Continental-Continental
When continental plate is subducted under another continental plate.
Large scale compression forms extremely high mountains, Himalayas.
Region is prone to large earthquakes.

25. Chapter 5.3 Notes
Name the four types of mountains and explain how each is formed
Folded-
Fault block-
Volcanic-
Dome-

26. Identify four types of mountains and discuss the forces that shaped them.
Folded Moutains
Tectonic plates collide, raising Mtns and large flat areas called plateaus
Ex: Himalayas

27. Identify four types of mountains and discuss the forces that shaped them.
Fault-Block Mtns & Grabens
Mtns formed when the crust breaks into pieces allowing blocks to sink relative to others

28. Identify four types of mountains and discuss the forces that shaped them.
Volcanic Mountain Formation
Mtns that form when molten rock erupts ONTO the crust of the Earth

29. Identify four types of mountains and discuss the forces that shaped them.
Dome Mountain Formation
Mountains that form when molten rock does not erupt onto the crust of the Earth

30. Objectives chapter 5.3
Identify the types of plate collisions that build mountains.
Identify four types of mountains and discuss the forces that shaped them.