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Populations & Ecosystems

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Presentation on theme: "Populations & Ecosystems"— Presentation transcript:

1 Populations & Ecosystems
Section D in our Textbook

2 Ecosystems D10 Organisms interacting with one another and their physical environment Includes both BIOTIC and ABIOTIC factors 2:48

3 Biotic Factors D10 All of the LIVING and ONCE LIVING things in an ecosystem

4 Abiotic Factors D10 All of the NON-LIVING things in an ecosystem

5 The Relationships D10-11 A Population is all of the same species living in a certain area (ex. a population of rabbits). A Community is all of the groups of populations in an area. An Ecosystem is the entire community plus the abiotic factors (non-living items). Ecosystem Community Populations

6 Explanation of Relationships D10-11
Ecosystem -Everything in the area (living and non-living) Community All of the LIVING things in the area (biotic factors) Population Groups of the same species living in an area Individual – single living thing

7 Another representation
Ecosystem 1:13 We actually draw one of these on a quarter piece of pizza cardboard Community Population 2:19 Individual

8 Ecosystems D11-13 Size: Can be as large as a desert or as small as a puddle! Changes: Caused by NATURE (lightning/fire, earthquakes, storms, etc.) It can come back and start to grow again on its own after time. Caused by HUMANS (logging, farming, construction)

9 The Sun: Life’s Energy Supply D16-17
SUN (light, infrared rays, etc.) = ENERGY Almost all life depends on the SUN to survive.  All plants need the sun for photosynthesis. 1:42

10 Photosynthesis D16-17 With sun’s energy: carbon dioxide + water oxygen
glucose (food) Plants’ food stores the energy

11 Producers/Consumers D18-19
PRODUCER - Anything that makes its own food through photosynthesis CONSUMER – Anything that gets its energy by eating other organisms 1:04 1:18

12 Types of Consumers D18-19 1. HERBIVORES – eat only PLANTS
Ex. Cow, deer, rabbits 2. CARNIVORES – eat only MEAT Ex. Wolves, owls 3. OMNIVORES – eat BOTH plants and meat   Ex. Woodpeckers, most humans 4. DECOMPOSER – feeds on the wastes and dead, decaying things (rotting plants, dead animals, etc.) Ex. worms, mushrooms 0:59 Decomposer Clip – 0:56 H,C,O Clip 0:59 – Click on Movie Icon 0:56

13 Food ChainsD29-31 Food Chain
Flow of energy from one organism directly to the next Must start with a producer Arrows move from producer UP the chain (Think from here into the mouth of here…) 1:53

14 Food Chains D29-31 As you go up a food chain, energy is lost. 1:05
Use after Activity on D26-27 1:05

15 Food Webs D29-31 Food Webs – overlapping food chains

16 Ex. Owl (predator) and mouse (prey)
Predator/Prey D20-22 Predator – organism that hunts and eats other organisms  Prey – organism that is hunted and eaten Ex. Owl (predator) and mouse (prey)

17 Ex. Flea (parasite) and dog (host)
Symbiosis D20-22 1. Parasitism Parasite – organism that lives off of or feeds upon (and usually harms) another organism Host – organism that is fed upon and harmed (usually doesn’t die though) Ex. Flea (parasite) and dog (host)

18 Symbiosis D20-22 2. Commensalism One benefits but other is unharmed
Ex. Camouflage (spider on a flower) Ex. Egrets eat insects wildebeests have stirred up in the soil  egret

19 Symbiosis D20-22 3. Mutualism Both sides benefit
Ex. Pollination – bees/birds and flowers symbiosis 2:37

20 Carbon Dioxide/Oxygen Cycle D34-35
Plants use Carbon Dioxide and give off Oxygen Humans use Oxygen and give off Carbon Dioxide

21 The Water Cycle D36-37 Evaporation – heated liquid changing to water vapor Condensation – water vapor changing to a liquid Precipitation – rain, snow, sleet, hail, etc. Transpiration – water released through leaves water cycle 2:39

22 Earth’s Land Biomes D48-51 Tundra 2:07 Taiga 1:57
Arctic grassland with frozen soil all year Polar bears, foxes, lichens Taiga 1:57 Coniferous forests Bears, moose, evergreen trees Deciduous Forest 1:40 Large leafed trees that lose leaves in winter Deer, squirrels, maple trees

23 Earth’s Land Biomes D48-51 Tropical Rain Forest 1:52 Grassland 2:17
Lush, green forests with heavy rainfall warm climate Toucans, vines, monkeys Grassland 2:17 wide open fields of grass Rabbits, prairie dogs, zebras Desert 2:07 Very DRY (can be hot or cold) Cactus, horned lizards

24 Biodiversity D58-60 Biodiversity – variety of species in an ecosystem (Part 2, 3, 4) Total ~ 14 min Biodiversity depends on: 1. Size (how large of an area it is) 2. Terrain (type of land and landforms) 3. Latitude (distance from the equator) 1= the scientific study of biodiversity 2= speed of extinction (very short clip) 3= what’s causing the problem? 4= why more is better

25 Biodiversity Challenges D61-62
Extinct – No longer living Ex. Dodo birds, Dinosaurs Endangered – in danger of becoming extinct  Ex. manatee, rhinos, spider monkeys Threatened – in danger of becoming endangered Ex. baboon, leopard, grizzly bears Current List 1:15

26 Citations Biomes: Our Earth's Major Life Zones. United Learning (1998). Retrieved February 28, 2006, from unitedstreaming: Biologically Speaking: Ecosystems and the Cycles of Nature. AIMS Multimedia (2002). Retrieved February 28, 2006, from unitedstreaming: More is Better: The Biodiversity Story. United Learning (1995). Retrieved February 28, 2006, from unitedstreaming: Food Chains and Webs. United Learning (1998). Retrieved February 28, 2006, from unitedstreaming: Mammals of North America: Predators and Prey. AIMS Multimedia (2004). Retrieved February 28, 2006, from unitedstreaming: Vulnerable, Threatened, Endangered, Extinct. AIMS Multimedia (1992). Retrieved February 28, 2006, from unitedstreaming: Learning About Water (Second Edition). AIMS Multimedia (2004). Retrieved February 28, 2006, from unitedstreaming: Biodiversity Pie Graph. (2007). Retrieved August 1, 2007 from


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