1. The Physiology of the Vine Chapter 6

2. Transpiration  Loss of water by the plant  Water required for a normal growing season is 15 to 50 acre-inches.  External conditions that affect the rate of water loss are light intensity, temp. humidity, and wind.

3. Water intake by the roots  Root hair  Cohesive forces  Osmotic pressure  Losses due to late pruning, 5 to 7 gallons per vine.

4. Absorption of mineral nutrients  Ionic solution through the root hair.

5. Properties of Photosynthesis CO 2 O2O2 H20H20++CH0 H20H20

6. Factors Affecting the Rate  Light Quality  Light Intensity  Light duration  Carbon Dioxide  Temperature  Water Availability  Plant Development

9. Photophosphorylation 12 H 2 O 6O 2 + 24 H + + 24e - Overall Light reaction equation

10. Photophosphorylation 12 NADP + +12 H 2 O 12 NADPH + 12 H + + 12 O NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DI NUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHATE Oxidized formReduced form

11. Photosynthesis Overview of Photosynthesis and Respiration

12. Photophosphorylation ADP + P ATP Adenosine Triphosphate

13. Photophosphorylation 12 NADP + 24 e - + 12 H + 12ADP + 12P 12ATP + 12 NADPH Overall energy equation

14. Review 12 NADP + 24 e - + 12 H + 12ADP + 12P 4. _______________ 3. ___ ATP 12 2._____ +12 H 2 O 12 NADPH + 12 H + + 12 O 12 H 2 O 6O 2 + 24 H + + 1.____ 24e - NADP + ADP + P 12ATP + 12 NADPH

15. Photosynthesis Light-Dependent and Light Independent Reactions

21. Respiration  The opposite of photosynthesis.  The breaking down of sugar to release energy.  Used for plant growth.

22. Translocation  The movement of materials in the vine.  Conductive tissue Xylem Phloem

23. Growth  Cell division  Cell Elongation  Cell Maturation  Older tissue – Cambium divides.

24. Annual Cycle of the Vine  Breaks dormancy when the daily temp is about 50 0 F mean.  After the first month of bud break is the most active growing period of the vine.  Shoots continue to grow all year until abscission occurs.  Bloom occurs when the temp reaches 68 0 F daily mean.

25. Annual Cycle of the Vine  The accumulation of soluble solids occur in the berries. (Sugar)  Carbs. & Starches are transferred to the roots prior to dormancy.