2. 动名词的构成： 主动语态被动语态 一般式 doingbeing done 完成式 having donehaving been done

3. 动名词的功能： 动名词有动词的特征和作用：可以带宾语、 状语或表语，有语态和时态变化。 e.g: getting up early, becoming a singer,beating their team. 动名词具有名词的特征：在句中充当主语， 宾语和定语。

4. Ⅰ：作主语 Providing information is a newspaper ’ s most important job. Getting news quickly was one of the most important things for business people. Saying is easier than doing. Seeing is believing.

5. Note: (1): “ it ” 作形式主语的句式： It is no good helping him. He doesn ’ t help himself. It is no use waiting here. It is a waste of time talking with him; he won ’ t listen to you. （ 2 ） no + doing: 禁止 No smoking. No parking.

6. (3):there is no +doing 句型： = It is impossible to do sth. e. g: There is no knowing where he is from. There is no getting along with him. There is no telling when he will come back. There is no trusting such a man.

7. 作表语： My job is teaching. Her duty is looking after her sick mother. His trouble is having tried every means and being still poor.

8. 作宾语（ 1 ）作动词宾语： 在某些动词后一定用动名词作宾语： admit, avoid, advise,allow, consider,deny, delay, enjoy, escape, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, practise, recall, risk, suggest, etc. e.g : I wonder why he always avoids meeting me.

9. 在某些词组或结构后： give up, put off, cannot help, cannot stand, be worth. e.g: The man couldn ’ t stand being treated badly. The film is worth seeing a second time. They put off holding the meeting because of the weather.

10. 动词后接动名词主动表被动： want, need, require+doing= to be done. These flowers want watering=to be watered. c.f: I want to water the flowers. Farming methods require improving. c.f. The teacher require the students to wear school uniform from Monday to Friday. The machine needs checking. c.f. we need to wear school uniforms every day

11. （ 2 ）：作介词宾语 Is there any hope of catching the early flight? Is there any possibility of coming back alive? He left without saying good-bye to me. 在某些介词词组后面： be devoted to, be used to, lead to, give rise to, pay attention to, look forward to, etc. e.g : The young teacher was devoted to teaching the blind.

12. Note: 下列词组可以省略介词 No one can prevent/stop us (from) doing the job. He had no trouble (in)finding the school There is no difficulty (in) doing sth.. I spent the whole afternoon (in) copying my team paper. to have a good / bad time (in) doing sth.

13. 动名词作定语： 动名词作定语说明被修饰名词的用途。 in the smoking room. a walking stick operating table waiting room, building material shopping centre meeting hall dining room

14. 动名词的逻辑主语： 代词： 物主代词 (my,his)+doing( 作主语，宾语 ) 宾格 (me, him)+doing （宾语） His leaving is a great loss. Mother disliked me/my working late. 指示代词，不定代词或数词 +doing I am doubtful of this being the best choice. In spite of the four telling the same story, I could not believe it.

15. 名词： 所有格（ Tom ’ s, ） + doing( 主语，宾语 ) Tom ’ s coming is what we have expected 名词（ Tom ） +doing( 宾语 ) Mother disliked Tom( ’ s) working late 无生命，抽象名词 (coffee, idea)+doing I am fond of coffee being served after dinner. I am sorry for my idea being turned down.

16. 比较： being done being done( 分词 ) 正在被动，作定语： a school being built being done ( 动名词 ) 一般被动，作主语，宾语 Being late for school is not permitted. I don ’ t like being laughed at in public. 返回