1. THE NEPAL EARTHQUAKE OF APRIL 25,2015 Part 5: Fifth Day Happenings Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

2. WEDNESDAY: Day 5 PHOTOS CREDIT: ASSOCIATED PRESS These pictures are used only for educational purposes with zero financial benefit

3. WEDNESDAY SOMETHING TO CELEBATE: MIRACULOUS RESCUES BY GERMAN AND INDIAN TRESCUE TEAMS OF SURVIVORS BURIED IN RUBBLE MORE THAN THE “GOLDEN 48 HOURS;” - - -

4. A RESCUE BY GERMAN TEAM (Credit: AP)

5. INDIA’S RESCUE TEAM (Credit: AP)

6. A RESCUE BY INDIAN TEAM (Credit: AP)

7. WEDNESDAY “THE CALVARY ARRIVE:” RESCUE AND AID TEAMS FROM GERMANY, INDIA,CHINA, JAPAN, TAIWAN, THAILAND, NORWAY, BHUTAN, USA, AND ISRAEL ARE WORKING WITH NEPALESE PROFESSIONALS IN REMOTE AREAS; - - -.

8. SNIFFER DOG OF A GERMAN NGO TEAM (Credit: AP)

9. AID FROM GERMAN RED CRSS (Credit: AP)

10. CHINA’S RESCUE TEAM (Credit: AP)

11. TAIWAN RESCUE TEAM (Credit: AP)

12. ISRAEL AID TEAM (Credit: AP)

13. THAILAND’S RESCUE TEAM (Credit: AP)

14. JAPAN’S RESCUE TEAM (Credit: AP)

15. NORWAY’S RESCUE TEAM AND PM (Credit: AP)

16. WEDNESDAY IN SPITE OF OVER 5,300 DEAD AND 10,000 INJURED, NEPAL IS SHOWING SIGNS OF SLOWLY RETURNING TO NORMAL AS MANY RESIDENTS SLEEP AT HOME, BUT MANY VILLAGES PROTEST OPENLY ABOUT THE SLOWNESS OF THE GOVERNMENT’S RESPONSE,, ESPECIALLY WITH FOOD; - - -

17. ONE OF NEPAL’S TENT CITIES (Credit: AP)

18. DESPERATE, ANGRY SUR- VIVORS WAIT (Credit: AP)

19. “NEPAL WILL BEBOUND” Nepal’s Prime minister

20. RECAP OF SATURDAY, SUNDAY, MONDAY, AND TUESDAY

21. TUESDAY NEPAL’S PRIME MINISTER, SUSHI KOIRALA VOWED IN A NATIONALLY TELEVISED ADDRESS TO REBOUND FROM THE DISASTER, WHICH IMPACTED 8 MILLION+ PEOPLE AND LEFT 1.4 + MILLION URGENTLY NEEDING FOOD, WATER, MEDICINES, SHELTER, AND SANITARY FACILITIES; - - -

22. 8 MILLION+ IMPACTED (Credit: AP)

24. 1.4 MILLION NEPALESE NEED FOOD AND OTHER NECESSITIES (Credit: AP)

25. TUESDAY (continued) AT LEAST 5,000 PEOPLE DEAD, 8,068 INJURED; PRIME MINISTER SUSHI KOIRALA SAID THAT THE NUMBER OF DEAD COULD REACH 10,000 AFTER THE REMOTE VILLAGES AND MOUNTAINSIDES ARE VISITED IN DETAIL; - - -

26. MASS CREMATIONS (Credit: The World Post)

27. TUESDAY (continued) THE GOVERNMENT HAS ESTABLISHED 16 LARGE TENT CAMPS IN KATHMANDU; MANY RESIDENTS CONTINUE SLEEPING IN THE STREETS OR IN OPEN SPACES AWAY FROM DAMAGED BUILDINGS AND WALLS;

28. TENS OF THOUSANDS SLEEPING OUTSIDES (Credit: AP)

29. TENS OF THOUSANDS WAITING - - - (Credit: AP)

30. - - - AND PRAYING (Credit: The World Post)

31. TUESDAY (continued) HUNDREDS OF GLOBAL EMERGENCY SERVICES, CHARITIES, DISASTER RELIEF AGENCIES, AND VOLUNTEERS ARE DOING THEIR BEST TO HELP THE PEOPLE IMPACTED BY THE DISASTER;

32. TUESDAY (continued) PLANES ARE NOW LANDING AT KATHMANDU AIRPORT;

33. RELIEF SUPPLIES ARRIVING AT KATHMANDU (Credit: AP)

34. RELIEF SUPPLIES FROM SRI LANKA ARRIVING AT KATHMANDU (Credit: AP)

35. TUESDAY (continued) “S AND R” SURGES AS “GOLDEN 48 HOUR PERIOD” ENDS AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERTS FROM 12 COUNTRIES ARRIVE TO ASSIST LOCAL PROFESSIONALS WITH “S AND R” AND DISTRIBUTION OF AID;

36. TUESDAY (continued) SNOW, RAIN, AFTERSHOCKS, AND A MUDSLIDE THAT DEVESTATED A REMOTE VILLAGE (Ghodatabela),CONTINUED TO HINDER OPERATIONS;

37. TUESDAY (continued) UNITED NATIONS DISASTER ASSISTANCE FUND RELEASES $15 MILLION; WORLD FOOD PROGRAM BEGINS DISTRIBUTION, BUT HINDERED BY RAIN AND LANDSLIDES.

38. TUESDAY (continued) BAD NEWS FOR THE FUTURE: Earthquake experts say Saturday's earthquake did not release all of the pent-up seismic pressure in the region near Kathmandu. According to GPS monitoring and geologic studies, some 33 to 50 feet (10 to 15 meters) of motion may still need to be released, said Eric Kirby, a geologist at Oregon State University.

39. SATURDAY, APRIL 25, 2015 A massive block of the Earth’s crust, roughly 125 km (75 miles) long and 61 km (37 miles) wide, lurched 3 m (10 feet) to the south Saturday over the course of 30 seconds. Riding atop this block of the crust was the capital of Nepal — Kathmandu — and millions of Nepalese.

40. SUNDAY CAPITAL DEVASTATED; AFTERSHOCKS CONTINUE; AT LEAST 2,500 PEOPLE DEAD; AT LEAST 6,400 INJURED; THOUSANDS NEEDING SHELTER, FOOD, AND WATER; AVALANCHES; “S AND R” OPERATIONS ENERGIZED AND INTER- NATIONAL AID PLEDGED, BUT BOTH HINDERED BY A M6.7 AFTERSHOCK

41. USA, India, Sri Lanka. China, Pakistan and European Union countries are among those who have pledged money and assistance

42. SUNDAY Nepal’s capital has become a tent city, as thousands of displaced residents stayed overnight in their dark gardens or out on the rubble-littered streets, afraid to go back inside because of aftershocks that exacerbated existing damage, triggered new avalanches on Mount Everest, and hindered search and rescue operations and all aspects of life.

43. MONDAY NEPAL: SHORT ON SHELTER, FUEL, FOOD, WATER, MEDICINES, POWER, TENTS, BLANKETS, TARPS, SANITARY FACILITIES, CASH, and WORKERS; - - -

44. MONDAY (continued) AT LEAST 4,000 PEOPLE DEAD, 7,180 INJURED; “S AND R” CONTINUES AS NEW INTERNATIONAL EXPERTS ARRIVE TO ASSIST IN STRICKEN CITIES AND ON MT EVEREST; ROADS AND TRAILS BLOCKED BY LANDSLIDES; AFTERSHOCKS CONTINUE.

45. MONDAY (continued): LIFE ALMOST SHUT DOWN Schools remained closed, most businesses were shuttered, banks were closed and ATMs lacked electricity to dispense cash. Long lines of motorcycles and cars formed at the few gas stations that had fuel.

46. MONDAY (continued): LIFE ALMOST SHUT DOWN The entire Katmandu Valley is suffering from drinking water shortages due to power outages and severe damage to utility pipelines.

47. MONDAY (continued): LIFE ALMOST SHUT DOWN Phone lines are down throughout the city, cellphone service is spotty and Internet access is still limited.

48. MONDAY (continued):STATUS OF “S AND R” and RELIEF Forty-eight hours after the M7.8 earthquake, rescue and relief workers have yet to reach numerous remote mountain villages, where some reports have suggested that 70% or more of the homes have been reduced to heaps of rubble and survivors need all the basics.

49. MONDAY (continued): LIFE ALMOST SHUT DOWN Rumors abound every where that a bigger earthquake is on the way, creating additional concern.

50. SLEEPING OUTSIDE AGAIN Tens of thousands of families slept outdoors for a second night, fearful of aftershocks that have not ceased. Camped in parks, open squares and a golf course, they cuddled children or pets against chilly Himalayan nighttime temperatures.

51. SLEEPING OUTSIDE AGAIN They woke to the sound of dogs yelping and jackhammers.

52. SOUNDS ON MONDAY MORNING As the dawn light crawled across toppled building sites, volunteers and rescue workers carefully shifted broken concrete slabs and crumbled bricks mixed together with humble household items: pots and pans; a purple notebook decorated with butterflies; a framed poster of a bodybuilder; so many shoes.

53. NEPAL’S MILITARY RESCUE TEAMS AT WORK (Credit: AP)

55. Nearing exhaustion, nearly the entire 100,000-member Nepalese soldier army is involved in search and rescue operations

56. The work is slow also because many workers — water tanker drivers, electricity company employees and laborers needed to clear debris— have gone to their families and are staying to help them.

57. Many roads and trails have been blocked by landslides, and the airport has been overwhelmed or closed; hindering travel, work, and arrival of international workers and relief supplies.

58. YOURCOMMUNITYYOURCOMMUNITY DATA BASES AND INFORMATION HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS MONITORING HAZARD MAPS INVENTORY VULNERABILITY LOCATION RISK ACCEPTABLE RISK UNACCEPTABLE RISK BOOKS OF KNOWLEDGE PREPAREDNESS PROTECTION EM RESPONSE RECOSTRUCTION AND RECOVERY EARTHQUAKE DISASTER RESILIENCE EARTHQUAKE DISASTER RESILIENCE