1. Justus von Liebig (1803 -1873) Law of the Minimum Briefly explain the “law of the minimum”.

2. What is a soil pedon ? Brady and Weil, 2002

3. Briefly explain any 2 of the soil body metaphors that we discussed in class

4. Textural triangle 12 textural classes http://www.oneplan.org/Images/soilMst/SoilTriangle.gif How much sand, silt and clay is represented by this location ?

5. Why do the textural class zones on the textural triangle have such strange sizes and shapes ?

6. Soil = f (Cl, O, R, P, T…) H Jenny refined the ideas of Russian scientist VV Dokuchaev into the following equation: Identify the 5 factors of soil formation

7. Hans Jenny (1899 - 1992) Mendocino Staircase Why did Dr. Jenny think the Mendocino staircase was such as interesting place?

8. a) Identify 4 soil functions. b) Which soil function is of greatest interest to you ? Explain.

9. Bedrock geology is very important to well drillers in IL but is not very important to soil scientists. Briefly explain.

10. Interstream divide SOIL DRAINAGE CLASSES Poorly drained Somewhat poorly drained Moderately well drained Poorly drained Well drained Valley floor Backslope Shoulder LANDSCAPE POSITIONS N.C. Agric. Res. Bull. 467 Common in IL Briefly explain why the landscape position identified by the oval is poorly drained (without artificial drainage).

11. Young Soil in NC Old Soil in NC http://www.mo15.nrcs.usda.gov/features/gallery/ Describe 2 differences (other than color) that are generally expected between “mature” and “immature” soils.

12. a) Identify 3 of the 4 types of soil forming processes illustrated on this diagram Adapted from Stewart (1990) b) Provide a specific example for 2 of the processes

13. http://www.fnps.org/photos/spodosol.jpg Typical Florida flatwoods Spodosol a) What is the name of this horizon ? b) What is the name of the water driven process from which this pale colored and weak structured horizon derives its name ?

14. C…. T…… D…… S…….. C………. O…… …… ……. A…… M…… …………. B……… …….. C…. T…… D…… S…….. C………. O…… …… ……. A…… M…… …………. B……… …….. Identify 3 soil properties that are commonly used to differentiate soil horizons

15. o O Briefly explain why many soils in IL do not have all 5 of the master horizons.

16. Should we maintain long term experiments ? Explain your answer.