1. The Design Process - An Overview
Name of PowerPoint
Name of Course
Name of Lesson
The Design Process - An Overview
See teacher notes for instructions on how to play videos referred to in this presentation.
Skip Yarn,
Oakland Mills High School
Project Lead The Way, Inc.
Copyright 2008

2. Experiences

3. Example Design Process
Name of PowerPoint
Name of Course
Name of Lesson
Example Design Process
Define a Problem
Brainstorm
Research and Generate Ideas
Identify Criteria and Specify Constraints
Explore Possibilities
Select an Approach
Develop a Design Proposal
Make a Model or Prototype
Test and Evaluate the Design using Specifications
Refine the Design
Create or Make Solution
Communicate Processes and Results
– ITEA Standards for Technological Literacy
Project Lead The Way, Inc.
Copyright 2008

4. Our Problem Solving Process
Did you know…
1 Define the problem
2 Brainstorm
3 Research and generate ideas
4 Identify criteria
5 Explore possibilities
6 Select an approach
7 Develop a design proposal
8 Make a model or prototype
9 Test and evaluate
10 Redesign
11 Create or make it
12 Communicate
Our Problem Solving Process
When you click on the hyperlink – it will take you to the Design Process Template. Explain to the students that the template has been create for the students to complete when designing.
Spend 5 minutes going over the template. Tell the students that they will be taking notes to complete sections on their own. Let the students know that as a class they will be completing each step and that any work not completed in class is homework that must be completed before the next class period.
Explanation

5. Drop an egg from 30 feet to the ground without breaking it.
Define the Problem
Drop an egg from 30 feet to the ground without breaking it.
Build a wind powered car that travels the farthest.
Create a top that spins the longest.
Design and build the most efficient bridge.

6. 2. Brainstorming. Create a list of ideas
Did you know…
2. Brainstorming.
Create a list of ideas
Sketch simple concept pictures
Work towards quanity
Never criticize anyone’s idea
Use “Mind Mapping”
Explanation

7. Brainstorming Techniques
Presentation Name
Course Name
Unit # – Lesson #.# – Lesson Name
Brainstorming Techniques
Mind Mapping
Major Idea
Major Idea
Main Idea
Major Idea
Major Idea
A mind map is a graphical representation that can be used to generate, visualize, and organize ideas to solve a problem. The ideas are arranged in a branching fashion according to relative importance, with the major ideas branching directly from the center main idea. Other ideas that are triggered by or related to the major ideas are then connected to major ideas.
Colors are often used to distinguish between major ideas.
[click] Additional connections can also be added to indicate relationships among different elements.
Major Idea

8. Make at least three different sketches
Brainstorming
Make at least three different sketches
Explanation

9. 3. Research and generate ideas “You don’t have to reinvent the wheel”
Did you know…
3. Research and generate ideas
“You don’t have to reinvent the wheel”
What have others done?
What do you need to know?
science, math concepts
Look on-line
As you look at what others have done – do you have any more ideas?
Cite your sources!
Google is not a source! It is a search engine.
Explanation

10. 4. Identify criteria and specify constraints
Did you know…
4. Identify criteria and specify constraints
Now that you know the Problem and some information, it is time to look at what the requirements are.
This will include:
People, Time, Materials, Tools, Cost and other factors
This is an individual or group project.
You will have three days to build your design.
You may use any found material.
The container must be 8” x 8” x 8”.
Hold a Large Egg (teacher supplied day of testing).
Must be able to touch the egg from each side.
The lightest design that keeps the egg from cracking will earn 100 points
If the egg cracks, you will earn 70 points max.
Drop from 3rd floor to Commons.
Explanation

11. 6. Select an approach- 1 2 3 Use a Decision Matrix. This is a Table
Did you know…
6. Select an approach-
Use a Decision Matrix.
This is a Table
Criteria along the top
Possible solutions along the left side
Use your ideas to complete this table.
Idea
Total 1 2 3
Explanation

12. 1 2 3 Idea Total Analyze each idea based on the criteria
Did you know…
Idea
Size 8x8x8
Materials I can get
Holds Egg
Touch Egg from all sides
Keep Egg from cracking
Light weight
Total 1 2 3
Analyze each idea based on the criteria
4 = meets it perfectly
3 = is close but not perfect
2 = just a little bit
1 = it is a stretch to say it comes close
0 = does not meet the criteria
YES = 1
NO = 0
Total up the results.
Explanation

13. 1 16 2 15 13 1 2 1 2 3 This is a sample of how it should work Idea
Did you know…
Idea
Size 8x8x8
Materials I can get
Holds Egg
Touch Egg from all sides
Keep Egg from cracking
Light weight
Total 1 4 3
Yes =1
Yes= 1 16 2
Yes = 1 15
No =0 13
Idea
Size 8x8x8
Materials I can get
Holds Egg
Touch Egg from all sides
Keep Egg from cracking
Light weight
Total 1 4 3
Yes =1
Yes= 1 2
Yes = 1
No =0
Idea
Size 8x8x8
Materials I can get
Holds Egg
Touch Egg from all sides
Keep Egg from cracking
Light weight
Total 1 2 3
Analyze each idea based on the criteria
4 = meets it perfectly
3 = is close but not perfect
2 = just a little bit
1 = it is a stretch to say it comes close
0 = does not meet the criteria
YES = 1
NO = 0
Total up the results.
This is a sample of how it should work
In the event of a tie – give weight to the “more important” criteria
Explanation

14. Did you know…
Idea
Size 8x8x8
Materials I can get
Holds Egg
Touch Egg from all sides
Keep Egg from cracking
Light weight
Total 1 4 3
Yes =1
Yes= 1 16 2
Yes = 1 15
No =0 13
Create an argument on why your design is the best solution to the problem or why it is not.
This argument must be based on logic, facts, and data.
A valid argument also provides the facts and data for the opposing argument.
Your argument must be well written and make use of the references from your research
Explanation

15. 7. Develop a design proposal
Did you know…
7. Develop a design proposal
You will need to create a Multi-view drawing of your best solution.
Make sure that you include dimensions and other important information.
Some solutions may be complex and need many drawings to build from.
What you design here is what you will build and ultimately test.
Explanation

16. 8. Make a model or prototype.
Did you know…
8. Make a model or prototype.
Once you have made your initial solution, take a picture of it.
Explanation

17. 9. Test and evaluate the design.
Did you know…
9. Test and evaluate the design.
You will need to create a test for your solution.
Some projects may be destroyed after testing, so you might want to come up with non-destructive tests.
Create a table to record your test results.
10. Redesign.
As you test your solution, you will make changes based on the results of the test.
Take pictures of these changes.
Explanation

18. 12. Communicate processes or results
Did you know…
11. Create or make it.
This is your final solution to the design.
Take a picture of the final solution.
Video you testing the final solution
12. Communicate processes or results
Explain what you did during this project
Imagine that you have 2 minutes to tell the class what you did and how you solved the problem.
Or explain why your solution did not solve the problem.
Explanation

19. Lets give it a try…
 Problem Statement:            
The products that we buy in the store are packaged in many unique ways to insure that they arrive at the specified location without being damaged.   
Design Brief:            
Design and construct a package that will protect a raw egg from being damaged when dropped from a height of 30 feet.
Elaboration

20. This is an individual project.
Lets give it a try…
This is an individual project.
You will have three days to build your design.
You may use any found material.
The container must be 8” x 8” x 8”.
Hold a Large Egg (teacher supplied day of testing).
Must be able to touch the egg from each side.
The lightest design that keeps the egg from cracking will earn 100 points.
If the egg cracks, you will earn 70 points max.
Drop from 3rd floor to Commons.
Part of this grade will be based on competition.
100 pts for the lightest solution that keeps the Egg from cracking
98 pts for the second, 96 for the third… and so on.
In the event of a tie – the mean score will be given
70 pts will be awarded for solutions that meet all of the criteria, but let the Egg crack or break.
Elaboration

21. How well did you do?
Evaluation