1. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 1 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Bruce Mayer, PE Licensed Electrical & Mechanical Engineer BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu Engineering 22 OrthroGraphic View Dwgs-3

2. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 2 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Learning Goals  Construct MultiView Orthographic Projection Drawings for Straight Cuts into Curved Surfaces Curved Cuts into Straight/Flat Surfaces Curved Surfaces in 3D Space Using the Mitre Line  Special Holes, Fillets & Rounds  Ortho Projection for solid-form intersections

3. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 3 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics MultiView Steps Summarized 1.Pick Views 2.Block It 3.Grid It (Use Mitre Line) 4.Connect the Dots 5.Clean Up 6.Done

4. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 4 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Cylinders w/ “Flats”  Many Times Shafts or Pipe will have Cuts Made Parallel to the Axis This Produces a “Flat” on the Cylindrical Object  Procedure Drawn Known Lines Grid/Mitre & Connect Dots Known

5. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 5 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Cylinders w/ Slant Cuts  When an Inclined Plane Cuts a cylinder We can Arrange the Views to Show 1.A Circle of Cylinder Diameter 2.A EDGE VIEW (EV) of the cut Surface 3.An Ellipse –Usually in profile 1 2 3

6. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 6 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Cylinders w/ Slant Cuts cont  Same Procedure as with All Other Ortho Projections Except the Grid Pts are ARBITRARY on the Known curved Surfaces Pick Evenly Spaced Pts on CIRCLE Grid DOWN and to MITRE Connect Dots Known Abritrary Grid-Pts EV

7. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 7 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Cylinder Drawing Conventions a)NARROW Prism Intersects Cylinder → Intersection in Front view is INSIGNIFICANT and Can be IGNORED b)Prism is larger → Need to Construct the Front View Intersection

8. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 8 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Cylinder Conventions cont c)SMALL KeyWay Intersects Cylinder → Intersection in Front view is INSIGNIFICANT and Can be IGNORED d)SMALL Hole Intersects Cylinder → Intersection in Front view is INSIGNIFICANT and Can be IGNORED

9. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 9 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Plotting Elliptical Curves  Flat Slice Taken Off a ¼-Round Cyl Front and RS Views Known Pick in RS-View the Arbitrary, But Evenly Spaced, Grid Pts 1,2,3 Grid & Mitre Top View Connect The Dots Slice Surf Rnd Surf 1 2  In the TopV Which Surf is Round, and Which is Flat? 1 Rnd or Flat?; 2 Rnd or Flat?1 Rnd or Flat?; 2 Rnd or Flat?

10. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 10 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Plotting Elliptical Curves cont  SQ-Bar is “Scooped Out” and “Sliced Off” at Rt-End Front and RS Views Known Pick in Front-View the Arbitrary, But Evenly Spaced, Grid Pts 1,2,3 Grid & Mitre Top View Connect The Dots  In the TopV Which Surf is Round, and Which is Flat? 1 Rnd or Flat?; 2 Rnd or Flat?1 Rnd or Flat?; 2 Rnd or Flat? Slice Surf Rnd Surf 1 2

11. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 11 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Plotting Space Curves  Plot Space (a.k.a. Irregular 3D) Curves with the “Grid & Connect” Method  In this Case Top and RS Views Known Pick in RS-View the Arbitrary, But Evenly Spaced, Grid Pts 1-6 Grid & Mitre Front View Connect The Dots

12. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 12 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Comments on “Grid & Connect”  Draw KNOWN Views FIRST  Pick CURVED View for Picking the Arbitrary Grid Points Even Spacing is Nice, but Not Necessary –Mitre Line will accommodate any spacing  MORE Pts → MORE Accuracy

13. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 13 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Hole CallOuts  Drill Bit Pt Drawn at 60° Half-Angle  82° Counstink Drawn at 90°  CallOut ShortHand

14. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 14 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Find ShortHand Symbols in ACAD  Start MText  In Formatting Tools Pick SYMBOL  Click Other…  Activate GD&T Character Map

15. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 15 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Fillets and Rounds

16. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 16 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Fillets, Rounds, SpotFaces  Fillet → Radiused INTERNAL Corner  Round → Radiused EXTERNAL Corner  Boss → Raised, Machined-Flat Cylindrical surface  SpotFace → provides a seat or flat surface at the entrance and surrounding area of a hole Boss Spotface

17. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 17 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Surface InterSections  Core Concept The Intersection of any Combination of 2D or 3D Geometric Elements forms a LINE of INTERSECTION (LoI), or COMMON LINE

18. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 18 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Surface Intersections cont  Construct the Common Line between 3D shapes Using The “GRID & CONNECT” Technique Locates the PIERCING POINTS (PP) Connect the PP Dots to Establish Common Lines on the Shape SURFACES

19. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 19 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Curved vs Flat Surfaces  In General, Curved Surface InterSections Generate NONLinear Common Lines Often in Very Irregular Shapes  For Curved Surfaces Use a Well-Placed GRID The Grid INTERSECTIONS Locate the PIERCING POINTS Connect the PP Dots with a “Faired” Curve (use AutoCAD SPLINE curve)

20. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 20 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Cylinder vs Cylinder (1)  Consider The Industrially Important (think Pipes) Situation Where Two Cylinders interSect with their CenterLines forming a RIGHT Angle  Find the Line of Intersection (LoI)

21. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 21 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Cylinder vs Cylinder (2)  Solution Plan Obtain Small-Pipe Cross-Section in a True- Size Circular View Divide the Circle into Equally Sized Arcs; e.g., 30° Apart Use the Arc-Ends as the Locations for a Series of Horizontal GridLines Locate the Pts in other view to complete Grid

22. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 22 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Cylinder vs Cylinder (3) 1.In Profile Reveal the Circular X-Sec for the Small Pipe. Divide the Pipe Circumference into Closely Spaced Equal Parts In this Case Use 30° Segments Increasing the No. of Divisions increase the Accuracy of the LoI 1

23. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 23 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Cylinder vs Cylinder (4) 2.In P-Space use the Circumferential Divisions to Build a Series of Horizontal Cutting Planes (CPs) 3.From The CP-Circle intersections Extend into F-Spc the  - Projectors to Establish the Small- Pipe Slice-Lines 2 3

24. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 24 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Cylinder vs Cylinder (5) 4.Use P-Spc → H-Spc Depth Distance Xfer to Locate VERTICAL CPs that Correspond to the Horizontal CPs 5.Draw the Vertical CPs And Locate the Large-Pipe intersections (A, B, C) 4 5  Can also use Mitre-line to locate CPs in Top View

25. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 25 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Cylinder vs Cylinder (5) 6.From The CP-Circle intersections Extend into F-Spc the  - Projectors to Establish the Large- Pipe Slice-Lines  The Front View is Now Fully GRIDDED with Rectilinear Slice Lines 6

26. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 26 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Cylinder vs Cylinder (6)  In the Front View the Slice-Line Grid- Intersections lie on the Common Line 7.Fair the Curve thru the Grid Intersections to Delineate the Line of Intersection Use AutoCAD Spline Command to draw a smooth, or “Faired” Curve 7

27. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 27 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Cylinder vs Cone (1)  Consider the Right Cone Intersected by a Cylinder where the Cone and Cylinder Axes form a 90° Angle Find the Surface Intersection  Solution Plan Use Cutting Planes From Circular End-View to Find Piercing Points

28. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 28 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Cylinder vs Cone (2) 1.Construct True-Size View for CYLINDER X-Sec The Circle in P-Space in this Case 2.Divide the Circumference into Equal Parts to Locate Horizontal Cutting Plane Locations The Circle Divisions will be used to Make CP’s in Both the Side and FRONT Views 1 2

29. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 29 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Cylinder vs Cone (3) 3.Use the Circle Divisions to Construct Horizontal CPs in the Adjacent P & F views  Note that in The F-View the CPs are CoIncident with the Slice Lines The F-View Horizontal CPs result in Cone Slice-Lines that Appear in the H-View as CONCENTRIC Circles Centered on the Vertex 3

30. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 30 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Cylinder vs Cone (4) 4.In the F-View Extend into H-Spc  - Projectors from the Cone-Edge and CP intersection to a diameter of the cone Base to Establish the Radius of the Slice-line Circles 5.Draw the Slice-Line Concentric Circles 4 5

31. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 31 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Cylinder vs Cone (5) 6.Use P-Spc → H-Spc Distance Xfer to Locate the Cylinder Slice-Lines in the H-View 7.Draw in H-Spc The Cylinder Slice-Lines The H-View is now Fully “Gridded” by Slice-Lines The intersection of the Cone Slice-Circles and the Cylinder Slice-Lines Locates the Piercing Points for the H-View Common Line 6 7 Could Also Use Mitre-Line to Xfer Depth Dims to TopV

32. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 32 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Cylinder vs Cone (6) 8.In H-Spc Connect the PP-Dots to form the Line of Intersection Take Care to Ensure Proper Visibility 9.From H-Spc PP’s Extend  -Projectors into F-Spc to Locate PPs on the Cylinder Slice-Lines 10.Connect the F-Spc PPs to Build the LoI 8 9 10

33. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 33 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics All Done for Today InterSections Can Be TOUGH LoI

34. BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-10_Ortho_View-3.ppt 34 Bruce Mayer, PE Engineering 22 – Engineering Design Graphics Bruce Mayer, PE Licensed Electrical & Mechanical Engineer BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu Engr/Math/Physics 25 Appendix 