1. Radon Navajo Nation Environmental Protection Agency Air & Toxics Department/Radon Program

2. History “Unknown” lung disease in miners in the 1400’s. 1879 autopsies of European miners: lung cancer (lymphosarcoma), called “mountain sickness”. Excess lung cancer deaths observed in uranium miners in U.S., Czechoslovakia, France, and Canada. Excess lung cancer deaths in other underground miners in Newfoundland, Sweden, Britain, France, China, and U.S. Studies of Navajo uranium miners (no smoking) ruled out smoking as the cause. i

3. What Is It? Radon is a tasteless, colorless, odorless gas Radon is naturally occurring and can be found all over the U.S.

4. Health Effects Approximately 15,000-20,000 lung cancer deaths per year Classified scientifically as a “known human carcinogen” (Class A) Second leading cause of lung cancer after tobacco smoke Based on studies by the National Academy of Sciences, the National Cancer Institute, the Centers for Disease Control, and others

5. How Does Radon Get Into Your Home? Radon gets in through: ▫Cracks in Solid Floors ▫Construction Joints ▫Cracks in Walls ▫Gaps in Suspended Floors ▫Gaps around Service Pipes ▫Cavities Inside Walls ▫The Water Supply* I

6. Radon Numbers for the Reservation

7. Radon Action Level The USEPA, Surgeon General, and Navajo Nation EPA Recommend Reducing Levels Below 4 pCi/L BUT, there is no ‘safe’ level –lower is better

8. Identifying a Radon Problem Short Term Testing Remain in your home from 2 to 90 days Types of Testing Apparatus Charcoal Canisters Alpha Track Monitors Electret Ion Chamber Continuous Monitors Charcoal Liquid Scintillation Good for Quick Results but less likely to give you an average yearly Radon level

9. Identifying a Radon Problem Long Term Testing ▫Remain in your home for more than 90 Days ▫Types of Testing Apparatus  Alpha Track  Electret Detector ▫Better for learning your year- round Radon average exposure

10. Fixing a Radon Problem Most Common Approach is: Active Soil Depressurization ▫ASD systems consist of a plastic pipe extending from the soil to a point above the roof, with an in-line fan which generates a slight “vacuum” in the soil and draws the radon into the system rather than allowing it to enter the house. ▫Works because the soil “sucks” on the house, rather than house “sucking” on the soil

11. EPA Recommendations Test your home for Radon – It’s easy and inexpensive Fix your home if your Radon level is 4 picocuries per liter (pCi/L) or higher Radon levels less than 4 pCi/L still pose a risk, and in many cases it can be reduced

12. Contact Information Who you gonna call??? ▫John Plummer (928) 871-7703/6790 ▫Terron Chischilly(928) 871-7863 ▫Nolan Hoskie(928) 871-7863 Radon