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Monitoring Intraoperative Blood Lactate Levels: Implications for Cardiopulmonary Bypass Maggie Savelberg B.Sc.(H), Perfusionist Fellow London Health Sciences,

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Presentation on theme: "Monitoring Intraoperative Blood Lactate Levels: Implications for Cardiopulmonary Bypass Maggie Savelberg B.Sc.(H), Perfusionist Fellow London Health Sciences,"— Presentation transcript:

1 Monitoring Intraoperative Blood Lactate Levels: Implications for Cardiopulmonary Bypass Maggie Savelberg B.Sc.(H), Perfusionist Fellow London Health Sciences, London, Ontario

2 Objective: Marker for Adequate Perfusion Solution: Lactic Acidosis Study: Patient Selection/Methods 4 3 2 1 Outline: Study: Results/Conclusion

3 Objective: Appropriate Marker for Adequate Perfusion Objective: Appropriate Marker for Adequate Perfusion Cardiopulmonary Bypass Solution Challenge Function Allow adequate systemic oxygenation and perfusion during cardiac surgical procedure. Periods of acute tissue hypoperfusion: - Poor venous return - Low volumes/flows - Patient anatomy - Surgical technique - Circulatory arrest - Hemodilution Monitoring of intraoperative lactate levels & acid/base status leading to therapeutic intervention to improve post- operative course.

4 Lab Abnormalities ↑ Lactate > 2.0mmol/L ↓ HCO 3 - / BE ↓ Arterial pH ↑ Anion gap Solution: Clinical Definitions & Significance? Lab Abnormalities ↑ Lactate >2.0 mmol/L Hyperlactatemia vs Lactic Acidosis Metabolic Acidosis Lee et al., Emerg Med J 2008;25:659-665 Mild pH ≥ 7.35 La - 2.0-5.0 Severe pH ≥ 7.35 La - > 5.0 -Difficult to identify - Lactic acidosis better correlated with in-hospital mortality Demers et al., Ann of Thorac Surg 2000;70:2082-2086 -Easily identified -Chart & Monitor -Substitute marker

5 Study: Patient Selection & Methods Study: Patient Selection & Methods 1,376 patients 18% Lactate >4.0mmol/L 28 % ♀ 72% ♂ 82% Lactate <4.0mmol/L 1,259 patients 79% CABG 17% Valve - Exclusions - Exclusions

6 Identification ? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Normal Range pH normal Lactate (mmol/L) ↓ pH - upregulation anaerobic metabolism ↓ vascular removal 3 Demers et al., Ann of Thorac Surg 2000;70:2082-2086 It is here – intraoperatively where patient outcome can be improved by determining the cause and correcting hypoperfused states. Correction Zone

7 Tissue Hypoxia ↑ Flow rate ↑ Mechanical Ventilation ↑ F i O 2 ↑ Hgb NaHCO 3 Net Effect ↑ tissue perfusion ↑ Blood pH ↑ Tissue Oxygenation ↓ Oxygen Demand Prevention & Treatment of Lactic Acidosis Cause CHEST 2000; 117:260-267

8 - Communicate our difficulties - Changes - Understanding - Willingness to accommodate Anesthesia Perfusion Surgeon Summary: Intercollaborative Team Effort Taken From: Google Imagies at http://images.google.ca

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