1. The American Nation
Chapter 10
The Age of Jefferson 1801–1816

2. Chapter 10: The Age of Jefferson 1801–1816
The American Nation
Chapter 10: The Age of Jefferson 1801–1816
Section 1: A Republican Takes Office
Section 2: The Louisiana Purchase
Section 3: New Threats from Overseas
Section 4: The Road to War
Section 5: The War of 1812

3. A Republican Takes Office
Chapter 10, Section 1
How did Jefferson’s presidency reflect a democratic style?

4. Jefferson’s Democratic Style
Chapter 10, Section 1
Jefferson wanted to make the government more democratic, which means ensuring that all people have the same rights.
He made his inauguration a low-key affair instead of a fancy one.
He preferred quiet dinners to formal parties.
To show that the President was an ordinary citizen, he wore casual clothes and greeted people by shaking hands instead of bowing.
He promised that although his party, the Republicans, were in the majority, he would not treat the Federalists harshly. In his inaugural address, he said, “The minority possess their equal rights, which equal laws must protect.”

5. Jefferson’s Economic Policies
Chapter 10, Section 1
Jefferson believed that one way to lessen government power was to reduce the federal budget.
Jefferson believed in the economic idea known as laissez faire, a policy in which the government plays as small a role as possible in economic affairs.
Instead the economy relies on a free market where goods and services are exchanged with little regulation.

6. A Republican Takes Office
Chapter 10, Section 1
What actions did Jefferson take to reduce the power of the federal government?

7. Jefferson Reduced the Power of the Federal Government
Chapter 10, Section 1
Tries to cut federal budget and reduce federal debt
Promotes laissez-faire policies in economic affairs
Decreases the size of government departments
Reduces the size of the army and navy
Asks Congress to repeal the whiskey tax
Goal: Reduce Size of Government
Policies
Retains the Bank of the United States
Continues to pay off state debts using federal moneys
Allows many Federalists to keep their government jobs
Goal: Reconcile Party Differences
Policies

8. A Republican Takes Office
Chapter 10, Section 1
How did Chief Justice John Marshall strengthen the Supreme Court?

9. Chief Justice Marshall and the Supreme Court
Chapter 10, Section 1
John Adams had appointed John Marshall as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. Marshall was a Federalist.
Marshall found the courts to be weaker than other branches of government.
When William Marbury sued Secretary of State James Madison, the case came before the Supreme Court. The Judiciary Act of 1789 said the Supreme Court could decide cases against federal officials.

10. In the Supreme Court’s decision in the case of Marbury v
In the Supreme Court’s decision in the case of Marbury v. Madison, Marshall wrote that the Constitution didn’t give the Supreme Court the right to hear such a case, and Congress could not give it the right. Therefore, the Judiciary Act of 1789 was unconstitutional.
The decision in Marbury v. Madison set a precedent. It gave the Supreme Court the power of judicial review—the power to decide whether laws passed by Congress were constitutional and to reject laws that it considered unconstitutional.
Chapter 10, Section 1

11. Section 1 Assessment Jefferson believed in a free market, which is
Chapter 10, Section 1
Jefferson believed in a free market, which is
a) a grocery store run by ordinary farmers.
b) an economy in which goods and services are exchanged with little regulation.
c) an economy in which the government works to promote trade and manufacturing.
d) an economic situation with high government spending and high government debt.
In the case of Marbury v. Madison, Chief Justice Marshall
a) reduced the power of the Supreme Court.
b) established the Supreme Court’s power of judicial review.
c) established the Supreme Court’s power to decide cases against federal officials.
d) upheld the Judiciary Act.

12. Section 1 Assessment Jefferson believed in a free market, which is
Chapter 10, Section 1
Jefferson believed in a free market, which is
a) a grocery store run by ordinary farmers.
b) an economy in which goods and services are exchanged with little regulation.
c) an economy in which the government works to promote trade and manufacturing.
d) an economic situation with high government spending and high government debt.
In the case of Marbury v. Madison, Chief Justice Marshall
a) reduced the power of the Supreme Court.
b) established the Supreme Court’s power of judicial review.
c) established the Supreme Court’s power to decide cases against federal officials.
d) upheld the Judiciary Act.