1. Current Context and Evolution towards Institutional Strengthening Nile Basin Initiative International Workshop on Institutional Capacity Development in Transboundary Basins, 10-12 November 2008, Bonn, Germany By Hamere Wondimu Nile Basin Initiative Secretariat, Entebbe Uganda

2. Presentation Outline 1.The Nile Basin – Challenges and Opportunities 2.Evolution of Cooperation on the Nile 3.The Nile Basin Initiative 4.Elements of Effectiveness 5.NBI Capacity Development Approach & Strategy 6.NBI Evolution towards institutional Development and Harmonization (challenges, and responses to the challenges)

3. Tanzania D.R. Congo Ethiopia Kenya Rwanda Burundi Egypt Sudan Uganda Eritrea The Nile River Basin & The countries sharing the Nile  Nile Shared by 10 countries; Nile - 6,700 km length; Basin – 3million Km 2; and a home of over 160 million people;Challenges  Extreme poverty – low GDP per capita  History of tension & instability  Rapid population growth  Environmental degradation  Rainfall variability  Inadequate infrastructure to store water and regulate Recurrent droughts, floods,.. Recurrent droughts, floods,..  Water Related Shocks - Recurrent droughts, floods,..Recurrent droughts, floods,..Opportunities  Great potential to foster regional social and economic Win-Win dev.  Cooperative WRM  Greater economic, political and regional integration with benefits beyond those derived from the river The Nile Basin

4.  Nile Basin action plan prepared in 1995  The first series of 10 Nile 2002 conferences launched in 1993 – informal mechanism for dialogue and exchange of views Evolution of Cooperation on the Nile  HYDROMET SURVEY Project: to foster joint collection of hydrometeorlogical data; 1967-1992 (8 countries)  Technical Cooperation Committee for the Promotion of the Development and Environmental Protection of the Nile (TECCONILE): 1993-1998 (6 countries)  Nile Basin Initiative established in Feb, 1999 (9 countries)  Established a forum for a process of legal & institutional dialogue in 1997; that enables riparian countries to move towards a long-term Legal Cooperative Framework (9 countries)

5. The NBI “Shared Vision” “To achieve sustainable socio-economic development through equitable utilization of, and benefit from, the common Nile Basin water resources.”

6. Nile Basin Strategic Action Program  SVP - Creates an enabling environment for cooperative investments within a basin-wide framework  SAP - Promotes the Shared Vision through sub-regional investment projects  Parallel intensive Dialogue and negotiations on the Cooperative Framework to endow NBI with a permanent organization and legal foundation Shared Vision Action on the ground Shared Vision Program Subsidiary Action Prog.

7. NELSAP-CU NEL Coord Unit Sub-basin Level Subsidiary Action Programs (SAPs) EN-COM ENSAPT NEL-COM NEL-TAC Policy level (sub-basin) ENTRO Eastern Nile Tech. Regional Office NELSAP Investment Program ENSAP Investment Program Projects (sub-basin) Projects (basin -wide) Nile-COM Nile-TAC Shared Vision Program 8 basin wide sectoral and facilitative projects Nile-SEC Policy level (basin -wide) Basin-wide Level (SVP) NBI Structure Effective Coord. National NBI Offices

8. SVP Project Portfolio ($130million basin wide projects) 8. SVP Coordination – overall coord. of SVP Basin-wide dialogue Stakeholder involvement Best practical tools & demost. Strategic & analytical frameworks Human & institutional capacity Functions 5. Confidence Building & Stakeholder Involvement 6. Applied Training 7. Socio-Economic Development & Benefit Sharing 1.Nile Transboundary Env. Action 2.Nile Basin Regional Power Trade 3.Efficient Water Use for Agr. Production 4.Water Resources Planning & Management Sectora l Facilitative

9. Built a Nile basin community of interest Promoted integrated approach to WRM provided coordination across sectors Established the NBI as a trusted institution WRPM AGR CBSI SDBS ATP NTEA RPT Socio- Economic Development SAPs A technical foundation for basin management & development

10. Subsidiary Action Programs (ENSAP & NELSAP)  Planned at the lowest appropriate level - within the basin- wide framework  Focusing on power development & trade, agriculture and irrigation, and water and natural resources management and development (either through ENSAP or NELSAP)  Aimed at poverty reduction, economic development & reversal of environmental degradation  Seeking win-win opportunities between riparian countries  Both SAPs have shown remarkable success in the preparation and implementation of both fast track and big investment projects identified through a highly participatory and consultative process  Delivering an initial set of agreed investment projects (estimated US$700 million)

11. Development Partners Development Partners  1 st ICCON meeting held in Jun 2001 -  Grant funding is mainly channeled through the Nile Basin Trust Fund (NBTF) administered by the World Bank  Other financing sources: countries contribution (in kind and in cash); direct financing from some partners NBI & Development Partners Partnership Other partners supporting NBI - Germany, UNDP, ADB NBTF partners are Canada (CIDA), Denmark, EC, Finland, France The Netherlands, Norway (NORAD), Sweden (SIDA), UK (DFID) and World Bank (DGF)

12.  Shared vision Program that started with divergent views but facilitated ownership and the convergence of views  Keeping the principle of “Subsidiary” – SAPs  Cooperative Framework negotiations Elements of Effectiveness (Implementation mechanisms and Institutional arrangement)  Multi-track approach- created incentives for the process and demonstrated benefits  Transitional institutional structure and implementation arrangement that facilitates decentralization, broad involvement, ownership & commitment  Broad inter-country and multi-stakeholder participation and dialogue incubated strong political support and cooperative actions  Focus on the benefits that could be directly achieved from cooperation (trade, power, food, environmental manag. etc.)

13. Elements of Effectiveness ( Implementation mechanisms and Institutional arrangement)  Promoting public participation and awareness; collaboration with Nile Basin Discourse promoted involvement of the civil societies, NGOs  Growing partnership with donors through the NBTFC forums (recognition by donors that NBI needs resources and time to successful) Results Based System Results Based System  NBI adopted Results Based System for planning, monitoring and reportingResults Based System  Focus on the benefits that could be directly achieved from cooperation (trade, power, food, environmental manag. etc.)  Preference for hiring NB nationals and locating the PMUs in different countries of NBI

14. NBI Capacity Development Approach & Strategy 2.Institutional and human resources capacity building through on-the-job and targeted training as well as study tours and exchange visits by all SVP projects  Capacity building on environmental management, power trade, water policy, KM, efficient use of water for agri production, WQM, negotiations, communications, etc. 1.Assessments on needs for capacity development conducted by each SVP project at different levels with different scope and focus 3.One SVP project focusing on Applied training  Short and long term training opportunities; develop. short courses & MSc curricula and adoption by institutions  Exchange visits and study tours; coordinated and collaborative applied research and studies  Establishing partnership and collaboration with other training and research institutions  Nile Basin University Leaders’ Forum and Nile-Net

15. NBI Capacity Development Approach & Strategy  NB CDS will build upon the lessons learnt from the NBI approach so far  Focus on the long term and future RBO institutional and functional needs  Aim at complementarity - focus on strengthening collaboration with other training institutions within and outside the basin  Inclusion of research and technology development 5.Development of short and long-term NB Capacity Development Strategy is on process 4.SVP Coordination Project - strengthening the capacity of the NBI institutions to execute and coordinate cooperative basin-wide projects and coordinating the CB efforts

16. Challenges and Issues  From SVP to IWRM – Critical functions need to be captured to support the long-term River Basin Management NBI Evolution towards institutional Harmonization  Collaborate with existing and immerging regional institutions - capture synergies and avoid duplication  From identification and preparation to investment –moving to big joint investments which requires countries commitment and financing mechanisms  From NBTF to NBI resource mobilization – Developing a resource mobilizaton strategy, building skills and systems for funds management  From transition to permanence – conclusion of the Cooperative Framework agreement an establishing of a RBC

17. Institutional Strengthening Project (cost US$33.7 million) as a response to the NBI Challenges  To undertake an institutional design process to prepare NBI for the new challenges it will face with or without CFA ( provide time and resources to resolve the issues) NBI Evolution towards institutional Development and Harmonization  To equip NBI with a more robust institutional infrastructure and critical skills needed to deliver its current program more effectively  To enhance basin-wide institutional integration through a harmonization of NBI policies and procedures across the basin  To consolidate and mainstream SVP outputs and to establish IWRM unit

18. ……. But there is so much more to do. So tonight, let us ask ourselves - if our children should live to see the next century; ……. what change will they see? What progress will we have made? This is our chance to answer that call. This is our moment. This is our time - to put our people back to work and open doors of opportunity for our kids; to restore prosperity and promote the cause of peace; President Barack Obama

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20. Drought s Floods Threats to lives, property, infrastructure and to the environment

21. NBI & Donors Partnership NBI & Donors Partnership

22. 1.1 Increased communicati on, trust, involvement and cooperation among NB governments and populations 1.2 Increased joint and trans- boundary investments in the Nile Basin 2.2 Increased convergence of legal, regulatory and policy frameworks of NB countries on trans- boundary issues in power development and trade, agriculture and natural resource management and development 2.1 Enhanced basin-wide capabilities and capacities based on best practices, on trans-boundary issues in power development and trade, agriculture and natural resource management and development 2.3 Increased cooperative action in power development and trade, agriculture and natural resource management and development NBI Short Term Outcomes 1. Increased regional cooperation in the Nile Basin, contributing to peace and security in the region 2. Efficient trans-boundary management and optimal use of Nile Basin water and water-related resources NBI Medium Term Outcomes NBI Impact Sustainable socio-economic development in the Nile Basin through the equitable utilization of, and benefit from, the common Nile Basin water resources The NBI Result Chain 1.1 Increased communicati on, trust, involvement and cooperation among NB governments and populations 1.2 Increased joint and trans- boundary investments in the Nile Basin 2.2 Increased convergence of legal, regulatory and policy frameworks of NB countries on trans- boundary issues in power development and trade, agriculture and natural resource management and development 2.1 Enhanced basin-wide capabilities and capacities based on best practices, on trans-boundary issues in power development and trade, agriculture and natural resource management and development 2.3 Increased cooperative action in power development and trade, agriculture and natural resource management and development NBI Short Term Outcomes 1. Increased regional cooperation in the Nile Basin, contributing to peace and security in the region 2. Efficient trans-boundary management and optimal use of Nile Basin water and water-related resources NBI Medium Term Outcomes NBI Impact Sustainable socio-economic development in the Nile Basin through the equitable utilization of, and benefit from, the common Nile Basin water resources The NBI Result Chain