1. The 2008 Presidential Election: Obama versus McCain: Who votes for whom? U.S. History and Geography High School Tennessee Geographic Alliance Instructor Michael Robinson Houston High School Germantown, TN 1

2. Overview of Lesson Discuss how scale influences the understanding of the 2008 US Presidential election between Senator Obama and Senator McCain. Using the Stanford Election Atlas locate examples disproving that: 1) wealthiest areas all vote Republican, 2) poor areas all vote Democratic, 3) minorities all vote Democratic, 4) the NE and West all vote Democratic, and 5) the South and Great Plains all vote Republican. Student Assignment (Computer Lab)- Students will find three examples disproving the stereotypes of Presidential elections. 2

3. Tennessee Standard 3 US.112 Describe the increasing role of… minorities in American society, politics, and economy, including… the election of President Barack Obama. (C, H, P)

4. Connections to Common Core Standards 4 Scale Recognize and interpret (at different scales) the relationships among patterns and processes.

5. Source: http://atlas.esri.com/Atlas/VoterAtlas.html 2008 Presidential Election at Different Scales How does changing scale change the understanding of the map? 2008 Presidential Election at Different Scales How does changing scale change the understanding of the map?

6. Observations 1. Rural versus Urban Areas 2. North versus South 3. Hispanic Areas 5. African-American Areas 6. Oklahoma City (example) Observations 1. Rural versus Urban Areas 2. North versus South 3. Hispanic Areas 5. African-American Areas 6. Oklahoma City (example) Scale Example

7. How many precincts in Oklahoma were over 50% for Obama? Less Than 25? Scale Example

8. How many precincts in Oklahoma were over 50% for Obama? Scale Example

9. How many precincts in Oklahoma were over 50% for Obama? Scale Example

10. How many precincts in Oklahoma were over 50% for Obama? Scale Example

11. How many precincts in Oklahoma were over 50% for Obama? Scale Example

12. Selected Examples 1. Milwaukee 2. Boston 3. Megalopolis 4. Atlanta 5. Birmingham 6. Knoxville 7. Memphis 2008 Presidential Election at Different Scales How does changing scale change the understanding of the map? 2008 Presidential Election at Different Scales How does changing scale change the understanding of the map?

13. 1. Milwaukee and Madison

14. 2. Boston

15. 3. Megapolois - DC to Boston

16. 4. Atlanta

17. 5. Birmingham

18. 6. Knoxville

20. 7. Memphis

21. 7. Suburban Shelby County (Memphis)

22. Urban versus Suburb

23. Memphis to Birmingham

24. 2008 Presidential Election at Different Scales How does changing scale change the understanding of the map? 2008 Presidential Election at Different Scales How does changing scale change the understanding of the map?

25. From Small Scale to Large Scale… Little Detail to Great Detail… From Small Scale to Large Scale… Little Detail to Great Detail… Small Scale Little Detail Large Scale Great Detail

26. 2008 Presidential Election Obama versus McCain: Who voted for whom?

27. Key Statements to Disprove The wealthiest areas in the United States all voted for Senator McCain. The wealthiest areas in the United States all voted for Senator McCain. The poorest areas in the United States all voted for Senator Obama. The poorest areas in the United States all voted for Senator Obama. Everyone in the Northeast and West voted for Senator Obama. Everyone in the Northeast and West voted for Senator Obama. Everyone in the Great Plains and South voted for Senator McCain. Everyone in the Great Plains and South voted for Senator McCain. All minorities voted for Senator Obama. All minorities voted for Senator Obama.

28. Key Questions to Answer Which of the wealthiest areas in the United States voted for Senator Obama? Which of the wealthiest areas in the United States voted for Senator Obama? Which of the poorest areas in the United States voted for Senator McCain? Which of the poorest areas in the United States voted for Senator McCain? Which areas in the Northeast and West voted for Senator McCain? Which areas in the Northeast and West voted for Senator McCain? Which areas in the Great Plains and South voted for Senator Obama? Which areas in the Great Plains and South voted for Senator Obama? Which minorities voted for Senator McCain? Which minorities voted for Senator McCain?

29. DISPROVE: The wealthiest areas in the United States all voted for Senator McCain. Which of the wealthiest areas in the United States voted for Senator Obama?

30. 2008 Vote and Income Map

31. Shelby County, TN

32. Memphis and Germantown

33. Boston, Massachusetts

34. Washington, DC

35. Atlanta, GA Suburbs

36. DISPROVE: The poorest areas in the United States all voted for Senator Obama. Which of the poorest areas in the United States voted for Senator McCain?

37. 2008 Vote and Income

38. Mississippi Delta Region

39. Eastern Tennessee & Kentucky

40. Davidson County, Tennessee

41. Southern West Virginia

42. Amarillo, Texas

43. DISPROVE: Almost everyone in the Northeast and West voted for Senator Obama. Which areas in the Northeast and West voted for Senator McCain?

45. Long Island, New York

46. Southern New Hampshire

47. San Francisco Bay Area, CA

48. San Francisco, CA

49. Orange County, CA

50. Northern California

51. DISPROVE: Almost everyone in the Great Plains and South voted for Senator McCain. Which areas in the Great Plains and South voted for Senator Obama?

52. Kansas

53. Witchita, Kansas

54. Dallas, Texas

55. Southeast United States

56. Birmingham, Alabama

57. Larger Scale Map

58. DISPROVE: Almost all minorities voted for Senator Obama. Which minorities voted for Senator McCain?

59. Shelby County, TN

60. Memphis, Tennessee

61. Red is African- American

62. Miami, Florida Green is Hispanic

63. American Indian in AZ and NM Blue is American-Indian

64. Los Angeles Area in CA Purple is Asian

65. Oahu Hawaii Yellow is Two or More Races Purple is Asian Light Blue is Pacific Islander

66. Southern Texas

67. South Detroit Area, Michigan

68. TENNESSEE

69. Nashville, Tennessee

70. Murfreesboro, Tennessee

71. Chattanooga, Tennessee

72. Knoxville, Tennessee

73. STUDENT ASSIGNMENT

74. Give an example of a poor income area that voted for Senator McCain. Name of Location Description of Location (urban, suburban, rural) Median Household Income Median Household Income for our high school: Number of Votes for Senator McCain Number of Votes for Senator Obama Give an example of a wealthy income area that voted for Senator Obama. Name of Location Description of Location (urban, suburban, rural) Median Household Income Median Household Income for our high school: Number of Votes for Senator McCain Number of Votes for Senator Obama Give an example of a minority location that voted for Senator McCain. Name of Location Description of Location (urban, suburban, rural) Median Household Income Median Household Income for our high school: Number of Votes for Senator McCain Number of Votes for Senator Obama

75. POOR LOCATION VOTING FOR MCCAIN

76. WEALTHY LOCATION VOTING FOR OBAMA

79. Mason, TN MINORITY LOCATION VOTING FOR MCCAIN