1. Heeger theta13, May 8 2003 A Neutrino Project at Diablo Canyon

2. Heeger theta13, May 8 2003 Underground Neutrino Detectors and Locations Solar (SNO) Reactor (KamLAND) Accelerator (LSND) Atmospheric (Super-K) at national laboratories in an old mine in Japan in a nickel mine in Canada

3. Heeger theta13, May 8 2003 Sudbury Neutrino Observatory 1,000 t ultrapure heavy water in clean room environment 6800 ft underground 9500 photomultipliers

4. Heeger theta13, May 8 2003 KamLAND Balloon Steel Sphere Calibration Deck 1,000 t of liquid scintillator Flammable and toxic

5. Heeger theta13, May 8 2003 Diablo Canyon Site

6. Heeger theta13, May 8 2003 Location Diablo Canyon powerplant in San Luis Obispo county

7. Heeger theta13, May 8 2003 Diablo Canyon From South East From North East

8. Heeger theta13, May 8 2003 Diablo Canyon From South East

9. Heeger theta13, May 8 2003 Powerful: Two reactors (3.1+3.1 GW E th ) on the California coast Overburden: Horizontal tunnel could give 800 mwe shielding! Infrastructure: Roads built for heavy machinery. Controlled access. Scientific Collaborations: existing collaborations between PG&E and marine scientists, biologists, and geologists with site access. Diablo Canyon Site 1500 ft 600 ft

10. Heeger theta13, May 8 2003 Possible Locations for Near Detector Space constrained by hills and infrastructure Best overburden to the North East of the powerplant Distances of near detector: > 0.4 km

11. Heeger theta13, May 8 2003 Possible Locations for Near Detector Space constrained by hills and infrastructure Best overburden to the North East of the powerplant Distances of near detector: > 0.4 km

12. Heeger theta13, May 8 2003 Far Detector Possible location Crowbar Canyon Parallel to Diablo Canyon Existing road access Possibility for good overburden Tunnels in radial direction from reactor

13. Heeger theta13, May 8 2003 ~ 600-800 mwe FAR II: distance 2-2.5 km FAR I: distance 1.5-2 km NEAR: distance~ 0.5 km tunnels ~ 400 mwe A Reactor Neutrino Oscillation Experiment with Fixed Detectors or Variable Baseline  Excavation required

14. Heeger theta13, May 8 2003 Possible Movable Detector for Diablo Canyon Modular, movable liquid scintillator detector active muon veto V fiducial ~ 80-100 t

15. Heeger theta13, May 8 2003 Diablo Canyon Project Some Detector Issues Excavation required Hazardous materials Some Site Issues Environmental impact (statepark and conservation area nearby) Indian burial grounds on PG&E site Status Negotiations with PG&E are underway What are the issues? What is unique to Diablo Canyon? What is the process for environmental impact studies?

16. Heeger theta13, May 8 2003

17. Heeger theta13, May 8 2003 Sensitivity and Complementarity of  13 Experiments Reactor  13 experiment No matter effect Correlations are small, no degeneracies Independent of solar osc. parameters  12,  m 21 2 sin 2 2  13 sensitivity limit  m 2 13 dependence True value of  m 2 31 (eV 2 ) Sensitivity to sin 2 2  13 10 -1 10 -3 10 -2 Ref: Huber et al., hep-ph/0303232  13 sensitivity of reactor experiments comparable to JHF-SK

18. Heeger theta13, May 8 2003 Reactor Neutrino Measurement of  13 Detector 1 Detector 2 Searching for Subdominant Oscillations in e  ,  to measure the last yet undetermined neutrino mixing angle,  13  13 oscillation signature

19. Heeger theta13, May 8 2003  13 and CP Violation ? Neutrino Mixing Matrix  13 is key parameter for oscillation phenomenology since  12 and  23 are both large  13 determines whether CP violation is accessible CP proportional to  13  13 is key parameter for oscillation phenomenology since  12 and  23 are both large  13 determines whether CP violation is accessible CP proportional to  13 atmospheric present solar present reactor and accelerator future 0  experiments future

20. Heeger theta13, May 8 2003 Movable detectors? Does a site like this exist? Site Requirements 1. A reactor, or multiple-reactor complex 2. Sites for 2-3 detectors at distances of 1-5 km from reactor 3. Detector overburden for reduction of cosmic ray background Man-made overburden or Underground site in a mine (good overburden) Underground site in tunnels (movable detectors) A  13 Reactor Experiment in the US ?