1. Pulleys
Assignment #35

2. A PULLEY is a simple machine that uses grooved wheels and a rope to raise, lower or move a load.
There are 2 types of pulleys: fixed and movable.
FIXED
MOVABLE

3. 4 load FORCE = ___________ N
1. Draw the diagram and label the arrows as indicated.
2. Using your spring scale, lift the object straight up.
3. Record the amount of force needed to lift the object in your journal. 4
FORCE = ___________ N
load

4. fixed pulley Fixed Pulley load
Draw & label this diagram in your journal.
load

5. 4 Spring fixed pulley scale attaches here! load FORCE = ___________ N
Attach the load to one end of the string. Then, thread the string through the fixed pulley. On the other end, attach the spring scale. Gently pull, using a constant motion to lift the object. Record the force needed in journal.
load 4
FORCE = ___________ N

6. Did the amount of force needed to lift the load change?
fixed pulley
NO!
The amount of force needed to lift the object stays the same, but the direction of the force changes with a FIXED pulley.
load

7. Movable Pulley movable pulley load
Draw & label this diagram in your journal.
load

8. Movable Pulley movable pulley load
Spring scale
attaches here!
Attach the string to the paperclip on the cabinet door handle. Run the string through the movable pulley as shown. Attach load to movable pulley (use the hook). Attach the spring scale to the other end of string. Gently pull up, using a constant motion to lift the object. Record the force needed in journal.
movable pulley
load

9. What was the force needed to lift the load with one movable pulley?3
FORCE = ________ N
A MOVABLE pulley
decreases the amount of force needed to lift
the load.
Note: The cupboard is taking part of the load, so less force is needed.

10. fixed pulley movable pulley load
Draw the diagram and label the arrows.

11. Attach string to paperclip here!
fixed pulley
Spring scale
attaches here!
movable pulley
Now we will use 2 pulleys. Paperclip one end of the string to a handle on the cupboard. Thread in the string through the movable pulley that attaches to the load. Attach load to this pulley. Then, thread the string through the fixed pulley attached to the handle. Finally, attach the spring scale to the free end. Pull down in a constant motion. Record the force needed to lift the load.

12. The more pulleys, the less force needed to lift a load.
What was the force needed to lift the load with a fixed AND movable pulley? 2
FORCE = ________ N
The more pulleys, the less force needed to lift a load.

13. Fixed Pulley
The only thing that changes is the direction of the force you have to apply to lift the 100# load. You still have to apply 100 pounds of force to lift the load.

14. Movable Pulley
With the pulley tied to the cupboard and using a movable pulley, ½ the force is carried by the cupboard.

15. By using 2 pulleys, the weight is split equally
between the two pulleys, so each one holds only
half the weight. You only have to apply 50 pounds of force because the ceiling exerts the other 50 pounds of force.