2. Fourteen Principles For a Multicultural State Thomas Fleiner Belgrade April 6

3. The major Issue: To hold or to bring multicultural societies together How should they be governed? Who should govern whom? we have to ask: And even more explosive: Who should decide, who should govern?

4. Do federalism and decentralization help to bring or to hold multicultural societies together? Why is multiculturalism a problem?

5. Egocentric Hobbes Bearers of unalienable rights Locke Rational Citoyens Rousseau Exploiters or exploited Marx Cost-benefit driven Homo oeconomicus State of Modernity: all individuals are equal as being What is the main problem? Capable of rea- son and judge- ment Kant What is good for all? Universal values, but they do not take culture as legitimacy fundament for political identity serious Nation-State facing Multiculturalism

6. Nation - State Ignoring Culture Denying Culture Integrating in- to one cultu- re of identity Conflict with ethnic minorities

7. What is good for us and for our communities? To get legi- timacy from diversi- ties by Promoting: shared-rule self-rule? Reconciling: conflict ma- nagement power- sharing? Tolerating: minority protection; affirmative action? Equalising: collective rights? Challenges of the Nation-State with regard to fragmen- tation by diversity L e g i t i m a c y o f m u l t i c u l t u r a l n a t i o n s t a - k e s c u l t u r e s s e r i o u s l y b u t i s f o c u s s i n g o n p a r t i c u l a r r a t h e r t h a n u n i v e r s a l v a l u e s

8. The Fourteen Principles To hold a multicultural State together

9. LegitimacyRule of Law Shared Rule Self-Rule Democracy

10. 1. Take cultural diversity seriously 2. Fatherland for minorities 3. Composed Nation 4. Multiple loyalty Legitimacy

11. Rule of Law 5. The Right to be unequal, or: equal rights versus the right to be equal 6. Four Dimension of Freedom: From, By, To, Within, the State 7. Liberty and Peace

12. Shared Rule 8. Participation of ethnic Groups In Constitution making 9. Power sharing of cultural communities

13. Self Rule 10. Autonomy 11. Enhancing diversity to overcome ethnification of politics

14. Democracy 12. Self-determination of individuals as aim of democracy 13. Value of compromise as alternative to the winner takes all democracy 14. Conflict management