1. Groundwater Eric Angat Read more: http://www.lenntech.com/groundwater/seawater- intrusions.htm#ixzz2kzmy2WSn Youtube Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VjwN7vjwNw0 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eyck1eN4hKg http://www.lenntech.com/groundwater/seawater- intrusions.htm#ixzz2kzmy2WSn http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VjwN7vjwNw0 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eyck1eN4hKg http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs-103-03/ http://www.ecu.edu/cs-admin/news/ardon15.cfm

2. Essential Question How do we protect our groundwater resource?

3. 1. What is a pumping well? A pumping well is a pump that uses suction and pressure to acquire water from the groundwater.

5. 2. What is an aquifer? Aquifer Underground water Artesian well

6. AQUIFER

7. An aquifer (underground water) provides the water for an artesian well.

8. 3. What is an artesian well? The weight of rocks and soil push down the water in an aquifer. The water comes out of the well without pumping.

9. An artesian well is a pumpless water source that uses pipes to allow underground water to naturally rise to the surface due pressure of the layers of rocks.

11. Artesian well or an artesian spring is confinement. The layer on top of the aquifer exerts pressure to the water causing the water to rise.

12. 4. What is water percolation or infiltration? Precipitation Soil Percolation recharge

13. Percolation is the ability of water to penetrate porous mediums such as soil.

14. 5. What is infiltration rate? More Precipitation Soil More Percolation More recharge

15. 5. What is infiltration rate? Less Precipitation Soil Less Percolation Less recharge

16. The amount of water that enters the soil in an hour is called the infiltration rate.

17. 6. What are the factors that affect the infiltration rate? Type of soil Vegetation Slope of the land Amount of precipitation

18. 7. What is ground water recharge? Groundwater includes the water in the water table and aquifer. precipitation Water percolates or soaks into the ground. Recharge happen when rainwater reaches the groundwater.

19. Groundwater recharge is a way to replenish groundwater supply. In nature, groundwater recharge is supplied by rain, snowmelt, rivers, lakes, and streams.

20. 8. What is saltwater intrusion? saltwater Water from well becomes salty and unusable. Groundwater depletion

21. Saltwater intrusion is the movement of saline water into freshwater aquifers. This leads to contamination of drinking water sources.

22. 9. What is Brackish water? Brackish water is water that is saltier than freshwater, but not as salty as sea water

23. Saltwater intrusion landslides Landslide Flashfloods, because of the type of soil that we have (red clay).

24. 10. How do we contaminate our groundwater?

25. Dumping waste in a sinkhole, leaking septic tank, and fracking contaminate our groundwater. fracking

26. 10. How do we contaminate our groundwater? Dumping waste in a sinkhole, leaking septic tank, and fracking contaminate our groundwater. Septic Tank Leaking septic tank Well

27. 11. HOW DO SINKHOLES FORM IN FLORIDA?

28. The phenomenon is most common in Florida, Texas, Alabama, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee and Pennsylvania, according to the U.S. Geological Survey. When the ground beneath is limestone and salt beds. Groundwater flows through these rocks, it eats away the rocks, leaving behind subterranean holes and caverns. When the roof of one of these caverns collapses, a sinkhole is formed.

29. SINKHOLE: National Corvette Museum, the exhibits and what the Museum has to offer, from the new Library and Archives to expanded Corvette Store, 50s-themed Corvette Cafe and much more! The Museum is located at I-65 exit 28 in Bowling Green, Kentucky. Just 1- hour north of Nashville. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IukDWhf7U9I

30. 12. What is artificial groundwater recharge?

31. Artificial recharge of groundwater is the process of adding water to an aquifer through human effort.

32. 13. Why do they do artificial groundwater recharge?

33. Public works agencies reintroduce water to make the groundwater stable and prevent saltwater intrusion and formation of Karst topography.

34. Mouth Tributary River levee Delta Estuary Source Oxbow lake Meander

35. Practice Quiz

36. 14. What type of water is contained in the water table and in aquifers? A. surface water B. ground water C. condensation D. underground stream

37. 15. What process occurs when rain water infiltrates into aquifers? A. discharge B. recharge C. porosity D. permeability

38. 16. Which is formed when a section of impermeable rock forces groundwater to move laterally and emerge onto the surface of Earth? A. a spring B. an aquifer C. a geyser D. a well

39. 17. How could a long-term decrease in precipitation impact an area? A. It could increase the average water level of lakes in the area. B. It could increase the amount of flooding in the area. C. It could decrease the amount of possible infiltration in the area. D. It could decrease the possible amount of damage to crops in the area.

40. Saltwater Intrusion Well 1 Well 2

41. 18. Which problem would occur if the groundwater is drawn too much near the seawater shoreline? A. Drawdown will cause the well to go dry. B. Drawdown will cause salt water intrusion. C. The well will not be deep enough to get water. D. A cone of depression will form around the well.

42. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wu22VzreAgg Formation of Karst topography, cave, sinkhole. Overusing groundwater resources can lead to groundwater depletion, followed by Karst topography, cave formation, and sinkhole.

43. 19. What problem would occur if the groundwater is drawn too much? A.Formation of Karst topography. B. Formation of caves and sinkholes. C. Drawdown will cause salt water intrusion. D. All of the above.

44. Precipitation, runoff, infiltration, recharge, groundwater PrecipitationRunoffPercolation or infiltrationLayers of groundwaterWater drawn from wells.Depletion of groundwater.Groundwater supplies water to the lake.

45. 20. What are examples of non-point source pollutants that pollutes our groundwater?

46. Match Column A with Column B ___21. rain,snow, A. recharge sleet, hail B. precipitation ___22. Percolation C. well or infiltration D. Runoff ___23. Water flowing on the surface. ___24. Water drawn from groundwater. B A D C

47. Mouth Tributary River levee Delta Estuary Source Oxbow lake Meander

48. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tdO3HZLD UcQ Spring