1. 21-04-0170-00-00001 IEEE 802.21 MEDIA INDEPENDENT HANDOVER DCN: 21-04-0170-00-0000 Title: IEEE 802.21 Media Independent Handover Solution Proposal – Updated with details (see abstract below) Date Submitted: January 10, 2005 Presented at IEEE 802.21 session #6 in Monterey (CA) Authors or Source(s): Yogesh Bhatt, Ajoy Singh, Lach Hong- Yon, Alistair Buttar, Nat Natarajan, Madjid Nakhjiri, Abstract: List of L1 and L2 behaviors, How to carry each of them, MIH reference architecture and clear demarcation of handover functionality in terms of HO decision vs. HO execution, and HO call flows for Fast handover solution proposed by IETF.

2. 21-04-0170-00-00002 IEEE 802.21 presentation release statements This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE 802.21 Working Group. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. The contributor grants a free, irrevocable license to the IEEE to incorporate material contained in this contribution, and any modifications thereof, in the creation of an IEEE Standards publication; to copyright in the IEEE’s name any IEEE Standards publication even though it may include portions of this contribution; and at the IEEE’s sole discretion to permit others to reproduce in whole or in part the resulting IEEE Standards publication. The contributor also acknowledges and accepts that this contribution may be made public by IEEE 802.21. The contributor is familiar with IEEE patent policy, as outlined in Section 6.3 of the IEEE-SA Standards Board Operations Manual and in Understanding Patent Issues During IEEE Standards Development http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat/guide.html> Section 6.3 of the IEEE-SA Standards Board Operations Manualhttp://standards.ieee.org/guides/opman/sect6.html#6.3 http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat/guide.html

3. 21-04-0170-00-00003 Details of IEEE 802.21 Media Independent Handover Solution Proposal Yogesh Bhatt, Ajoy Singh, Hong-Yon Lach, Alistair Buttar, Motorola

4. 21-04-0170-00-00004 Handovers Handover control require two functionalities: Handover Decision Handover Execution Handover decision is based on the knowledge of When HO is required? – Detection of occurrence of some condition/situation May be based on Network or User or Both Where to Handover to? Appropriate new point of attachment May be based on application or other entity Handover execution deals with exchanging control messages to Associate/Attach with the new AP/BS Register with new network if inter-domain HO Detach from old AP/BS De-register to update the location

5. 21-04-0170-00-00005 Functionality of proposed MIH Layer Services provided are Link Event Service Information Service Command Service Inter-works with Resource Control and Management layers of L2 Access networks 802.xx (MSAP, PhSAP, Station Management), 3GPP (UMTS RRC/NAS, GERAN RR/GMM) 3GPP2 (CDMA L3) Provides services to entities through MIH_USR_SAP MIH interacts with lower layer either using SME or lower layer SAP(s) such as LLC_SAP,MSAP, MLME_SAP, PhSAP and PLME_SAP Available at both mobile node as well as access network

6. 21-04-0170-00-00006 MIH Functional Model NAS, RRC, MAC (MLME) PHY 1 (PLME) LLC MIH FUNCTION Mgmt L3 Signaling Apps Mgmt NAS, RRC, MAC (MLME) PHY LLC MIH FUNCTION L3 Signaling Apps Local Triggers/Hints HO detection Signaling Remote Triggers/Hints Local Triggers/Hints MAC 2 PHY 2 Multimode TerminalNetwork Equipment Station Functional Entity Network Functional Entity MIH Services

7. 21-04-0170-00-00007 Link Event service Enables registered MIH-User to receive link layer event information from the underlying links E.g. 802.xx, UMTS, CDMA etc The MIH-User entities register with the MIH for a specific set of events using register primitive The MIH obtains event notifications from IEEE 802 family SAPs as well Cellular Ifs and propagate the received events to the registered entities The MIH also communicates with its peer to provide event service The information between peer MIH entities can be exchanged either using : Link layer specific means or Higher layer protocol/s or Combination of both

8. 21-04-0170-00-00008 Command Service Enables registered MIH-Users to command the link layer to execute a set of actions Command instructs the MIH to perform various activities needed to effect the action requested by MIH-User e.g. Attach, Register over a link pre-authenticate to a link re-associate to AP/BS MIH invokes technology specific methods through L1/2 SAPs. MIH may execute the command locally or route it to a peer. MIH does not make any decision, but only invokes appropriate link technology specific means to execute the command Remote commands are communicated using Link layer specific means or Higher layer protocol/s or Combination of both

9. 21-04-0170-00-00009 Information Service Enables registered MIH-User to obtain access technology specific capability and/or capacity information from the relevant L2 links Above information can be obtained from local or remote L1/2 MIH provides both local and remote information retrieval to the registered MIH-Users MIH may also communicate with its peer to provide information service MIH-User can also Poll the link for some Information The information between peer MIH entities can be exchanged either Link layer specific means or Higher layer protocol/s or Support IETF enhanced CARD or other Capability standards

10. 21-04-0170-00-000010 MIH Layer Functionality L3 (Mobile IP, CARD) Handoff Control Function Transport Layer / App Layer MIH_USR_SAP MAC PHY MLME PLME MAC_SAPPHY_SAPMLME_SAP LLC LLC_SAPPLME_SAP RRC/NAS 3G If (Event, Command & Information Services ) MIH Service Registration & Execution Event Registration, Generation & Processing Command execution and processing Trigger processing IE en/de-capsulation Link polling

11. 21-04-0170-00-000011 Reference MIH architecture Mobility Service Engine Applications MIH layer Data Transfer Networking Stack L3 Mobility software Network Device Driver(s) Access link Stack Access link Stack Access link Stack App Data Control & Info Proprietary Interactions HO Execution HO Detection

12. Slide 12 Mobile Initiated and Mobile Controlled L3 Handoff (without L3 capability) Old Point of Attachment Multimode STA New Point of Attachment HLLL HL MIH Function LLHL MIH Function MIH Function Triggers Handoff Control Fast Handoff Fast Handoff Fast Handoff Pre- Triggers New Link Found MIP Fast Handoff Msgs Link Down Link UP Link UP Trigger Data Transfer Capabilities Candidate Link Found Capability exchange using MAC frame extension Command: Attach to new link

13. Slide 13 Mobile Initiated and Mobile Controlled L3 Handoff Old Point of Attachment Multimode STA New Point of Attachment HLLL HL MIH Function LLHL MIH Function MIH Function Triggers CARD MN-AR CARD Request AR-AR CARD Request AR-AR CARD Reply MN-AR CARD Reply L2 Capabilities HO Control Fast Handoff Fast Handoff Fast Handoff Pre- Triggers New Link Found MIP Fast Handoff Msgs Link Down Link UP Link UP Trigger Data Transfer L2 and L3 Capabilities Candidate Link Found

14. Slide 14 Network Initiated Network Controlled L3 Handoff Old Point of Attachment Multimode STA New Point of Attachment HLLL HL MIH Function LLHL MIH Function MIH Function Triggers CARD MN-AR CARD Request AR-AR CARD Request AR-AR CARD ReplyMN-AR CARD Reply L2 Capabilities HO Control Fast Handoff Fast Handoff Fast Handoff Pre- Triggers New Link Found MIP Fast Handoff Msgs Link Down Link Down Trigger Link UP Link UP Trigger Data Transfer L2 and L3 Capabilities Triggers

15. 21-04-0170-00-000015 Required link behaviors for handover Max bandwidth Received bandwidth Delay, Jitter Error rate (BER, FER, BLER, PER ) Power consumption QoS ( Priorities or Parameters or both) Access type Radio Signal Strength Channel Noise Ratio

16. 21-04-0170-00-000016 L1 behaviors Radio Signal Strength (Definition varies for each radio-802.11,16, WCDMA,CDM A2000) RT determination from L1 or L2, Local Trigger to MIH New Link found trigger  MIH applies hysterias/ threshold  MIH can also poll L1/L2 on User request Delivered to Registered MIH-User as  Candidate link Available event Channel Noise Ratio (Definition varies for each radio-802.11,16, WCDMA,CDM A2000) RT determination from L1, Notified as Local Trigger to MIH  MIH applies hysterias/ threshold  MIH can also poll L1 on user request Delivered to Registered MIH-User as  Link Status change event

17. 21-04-0170-00-000017 L1 behaviors Link TypeNon-RT determination, Part of new link found trigger Notified by L1/L2 to MIH as part of link attributes  MIH can also poll on User request Delivered to Registered MIH- User with  Candidate link Available event Power Consumption RT or non-RT determination, Part of new link found trigger Notified by L1/L2 to MIH as part of link attributes  MIH can also poll on User request Delivered to Registered MIH- User with  Candidate link Available event

18. 21-04-0170-00-000018 L2 behaviors L2 PDU transmission status RT determination from L2, Success or Failure, Local/Remote trigger to MIH for every specified number of PDUs  MIH can also poll L1 and L2 on User request Delivered to Registered MIH- User as  Link status change event Average L2 PDU length RT determination from L2, Local/Remote trigger to MIH  MIH can also poll L1 and L2 on User request Delivered to Registered MIH- User as  Capability Response event

19. 21-04-0170-00-000019 L1/L2 behaviors Error rate (BER, FER, BLER, PER) (Definition varies for each Access e.g.802.11,16, WCDMA,CDMA2 000) RT determination from L1 and L2, notified as local trigger to MIH  MIH can also poll L1 and L2 on User request Delivered to Registered MIH- User as  Capability Response event Frame Retry CountRT determination from L2, Local/ Remote trigger to MIH  MIH can also poll L1 and L2 on User request Delivered to Registered MIH- User as  Link Status Change Event

20. 21-04-0170-00-000020 L1/L2 behaviors Link BandwidthRT or Non-RT determination, Part of new link found trigger Notified by L1/L2 to MIH as part of link attributes  MIH can also poll on User request Delivered to Registered MIH- User with  Candidate link Available event QoS indicators (e.g. NAV) RT determination from L1/L2, Notified as local trigger to MIH  MIH can also poll L1 and L2 on User request Delivered to Registered MIH- User as  Capability Response event