1. www.anatsoc.org.uk Anatomical Society is a registered Charity No: 290469 and Limited Company Registered in England and Wales No: 01848115 | Registered office: Fairfax House, 15 Fulwood Place, London WC1V 6A Walking - Walking allows us to move our bodies through space. - It involves the integration of movements at all joints of the lower limb and incorporates many of the powerful muscles associated with the lower limb. - Coordinated movements are required to walk - During walking our feet can adapt to a given terrain and maintain the stability of the foot thus allowing propulsion.

2. www.anatsoc.org.uk Anatomical Society is a registered Charity No: 290469 and Limited Company Registered in England and Wales No: 01848115 | Registered office: Fairfax House, 15 Fulwood Place, London WC1V 6A How we walk -Walking is also called gait -During walking our feet and lower limbs move in a cycle of repeated motions; the gait cycle. -During gait the bones that comprise our ankle joint (*recap from previous slides* Talus, and lower parts of the Tibia and Fibula) adopt special actions which allow the gait cycle to occur: -Pronation -Supination -There are two phases to the gait cycle -Stance phase -Swing phase

3. www.anatsoc.org.uk Anatomical Society is a registered Charity No: 290469 and Limited Company Registered in England and Wales No: 01848115 | Registered office: Fairfax House, 15 Fulwood Place, London WC1V 6A Stance Phase (60% of the cycle) -Begins when the heel of the foot makes contact with the ground and ends when the toe of the same limb leaves the ground. -Broken into three distinct parts -Heel Strike - heel touches the ground absorbing impact -Mid Stance -foot is flat on the ground. The foot adapts to the terrain and the weight of the body is supported by the limb -Toe Off -foot breaks contact with the ground and body is propelled forward.

4. www.anatsoc.org.uk Anatomical Society is a registered Charity No: 290469 and Limited Company Registered in England and Wales No: 01848115 | Registered office: Fairfax House, 15 Fulwood Place, London WC1V 6A Heel StrikeMid-stanceToe off

5. www.anatsoc.org.uk Anatomical Society is a registered Charity No: 290469 and Limited Company Registered in England and Wales No: 01848115 | Registered office: Fairfax House, 15 Fulwood Place, London WC1V 6A Swing Phase (40% of the cycle) - This is the unsupported phase -Begins when the foot is no longer in contact with the ground. -Occurs due to the contraction of the gluteal and thigh muscles (*link to lower limb muscles*)lifting the leg clear of the ground.

6. www.anatsoc.org.uk Anatomical Society is a registered Charity No: 290469 and Limited Company Registered in England and Wales No: 01848115 | Registered office: Fairfax House, 15 Fulwood Place, London WC1V 6A http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=occFkFbl3ms