1. Slide 1 Intensive Livestock Farming Ineke Jansen Tallinn, March 2007

2. Slide 2 Ineke Jansen Province of Zeeland, Netherlands Head Environmental Department 220 sites; about 50 IPPC installations 3 on intensive rearing of pigs I.Jansen@zeeland.nl

3. Slide 3 Content What animals are we talking about Key environmental issues Animal welfare Whole chain concept How to come to BAT: housing systems landspreading of manure Conclusions

4. Slide 4 Poultry: Chicken laying hens and broilers (Turkeys, ducks and Guinea fowls) Pigs: Mating and gestating sows Farrowing sows Weaned piglets Growers/finishers

5. Slide 5 = Laying hen Broilers =

6. Slide 6 Mating sowGestating sow Farrowing sow Weaned piglets

7. Slide 7 GrowerFinisher

8. Slide 8 Farm activities: Farm management Feeding strategy Rearing of animals: housing systems Collection and storage of manure On-site treatment of manure Landspreading of manure

9. Slide 9 Key environmental issues Emissions to: air (ammonia) soil and groundwater (N, P) Energy and water Waste

10. Slide 10 Animal welfare Water for the animals Housing systems cages versus free range systems for laying hens litter based systems for pigs materials for enrichment for pigs and chickens light, heating/cooling, ventilation, ….

11. Slide 11 Whole chain concept

12. Slide 12 How to come to BAT How to come from Chapter 4  Chapter 5 A tool for the BAT-assessment Reference system (few data + climate conditions) Applied for assessing: housing systems for pigs housing systems for layers and broilers air abatement systems in housings

13. Slide 13

14. Slide 14 Housing systems; pigs Reduce manure pit Remove manure Flush with liquid part Cool manure surface Use smooth surfaces

15. Slide 15 Housing systems; pigs The conclusions in Chapter 5: BAT Conditional BAT; odour BAT for systems that are already in place Split view from one Member State Littered systems

16. Slide 16 Housing systems; laying hens Conventional cage housing: Ban on new: 2003 Total ban: 2012

17. Slide 17 Housing systems; laying hens The conclusions in Chapter 5: Conventional cage housing BAT: quick removal of manure quick removal and drying of manure Conditional BAT

18. Slide 18 Housing systems; laying hens The conclusions in Chapter 5: Enriched cage concept is the only alternative BAT assessment not possible Non-cage housing BAT, although higher ammonia and dust emissions

19. Slide 19 Housing systems; broilers Reference: simple closed building with litter; no cage The conclusions in Chapter 5: BAT Conditional BAT; the Combideck system BAT for systems that are already in place

20. Slide 20 Landspreading of slurry BAT for applying slurry to arable land: Injection Bandspreading + incorporation < 4 hours

21. Slide 21 Landspreading of slurry Split view: Bandspreading with / without incorporation Not BAT: Conventional broadcasting No consensus on: Improved broadcasting + incorporation

22. Slide 22 Landspreading of solid manure BAT for applying solid manure - from pig and poultry - to arable land: Incorporation < 12 hours Split view on pig and poultry manure: Incorporation < 24 hours

23. Slide 23 Conclusions The TWG reached a high degree of consensus on the BREF document and on the BAT-conclusions Five split views were reported A useful document for the permitwriter The Province of Zeeland is offering you practical help in your permitwriting processes

24. Slide 24 Conclusions A whole new ‘living’ area for the EIPPCB