1. Energy for Life I. Energy A. Energy is defined as the ability to do work or cause change. B. Two types of energy: 1. Kinetic energy is action energy.  Example: Speeding car, fastball pitch 2. Potential energy is stored energy that can do work  Examples: I. Energy A. Energy is defined as the ability to do work or cause change. B. Two types of energy: 1. Kinetic energy is action energy.  Example: Speeding car, fastball pitch 2. Potential energy is stored energy that can do work  Examples:

2. II. ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) A. Molecule that stores energy for use in a cell. B. It has a lot of potential energy and is very stable. A. Molecule that stores energy for use in a cell. B. It has a lot of potential energy and is very stable. ADPATP Energy Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) Partially charged battery Fully charged battery Adenosine diphosphate (ADP)

3. ATP Movie

4. III. Cellular Respiration A. Definition: The break down of food to make energy (ATP) for cells to use. B. All organisms do cellular respiration. C. Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria of cells. A. Definition: The break down of food to make energy (ATP) for cells to use. B. All organisms do cellular respiration. C. Cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria of cells. Animal Cell Mitochondrion

5. D. Overview 1.Organisms use glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) from the food they eat to make energy (ATP). 2.Organisms use oxygen from the air to breakdown food. 3.Organisms release carbon dioxide and water as waste products made from the breakdown of food. D. Overview 1.Organisms use glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) from the food they eat to make energy (ATP). 2.Organisms use oxygen from the air to breakdown food. 3.Organisms release carbon dioxide and water as waste products made from the breakdown of food.

6. Plant contains glucose  The bunny eats the plant (glucose) and uses the O 2 from the air to breakdown the plant to get the glucose for energy (ATP) Bunny breathes out CO 2 and H 2 O as waste products.

7. 4. Overall Reaction of Cellular Respiration 4. Overall Reaction of Cellular Respiration: C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 ––––––––> 6CO 2 + 6H2O 6H2O + ATP ReactantsProducts Where does the glucose come from? Food (plants) Where does the oxygen come from? The atmosphere (air) What makes the carbon dioxide and water and where does it go? Organisms and into the atmosphere

8. IV.Sources of Energy  Energy in almost all living organisms, originally comes from the sun.  Autotrophs are organisms that obtain energy from the food they make (ex. plants, algae)  Heterotrophs are organisms that obtain energy from foods they consume or decompose (ex. human, bear, cow, mushroom)  Energy in almost all living organisms, originally comes from the sun.  Autotrophs are organisms that obtain energy from the food they make (ex. plants, algae)  Heterotrophs are organisms that obtain energy from foods they consume or decompose (ex. human, bear, cow, mushroom)

9. V. Photosynthesis A. Photosynthesis means “To make from light” B. Definition: Process by which energy in sunlight is converted (changed) into chemical energy in food (glucose). C. Reactants: CO 2, H 2 O, Sunlight, and chlorophyll (special green molecule that allows plants and algae to capture sunlight) D. Products: Sugar (C 6 H 12 O 6 = glucose) and O 2 A. Photosynthesis means “To make from light” B. Definition: Process by which energy in sunlight is converted (changed) into chemical energy in food (glucose). C. Reactants: CO 2, H 2 O, Sunlight, and chlorophyll (special green molecule that allows plants and algae to capture sunlight) D. Products: Sugar (C 6 H 12 O 6 = glucose) and O 2

10. E. Overall Reaction E. Overall Reaction: ReactantsProducts Where does the CO 2 come from? The atmosphere (air) Where does the H 2 O come from? Plants absorbs the water from the soil What happens to the O2 O2 and glucose? Oxygen goes into the atmosphere for organisms to do cell respiration and glucose is eaten by animals. 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O ––––––––> C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O26O2 sunlight chlorophyll

11. F. Process: 1. Energy from sunlight is captured by chlorophyll in plants and algae. 2. The energy from sunlight joins small molecules (CO2 and H2O) to make large molecules (glucose). 3. This energy is stored in the chemical bonds of food.  In which plant cell organelle is chlorophyll found? F. Process: 1. Energy from sunlight is captured by chlorophyll in plants and algae. 2. The energy from sunlight joins small molecules (CO2 and H2O) to make large molecules (glucose). 3. This energy is stored in the chemical bonds of food.  In which plant cell organelle is chlorophyll found?

12. Where does photosynthesis take place?

13. Photosynthesis Summary Movie

14. VI. The Big Picture C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 +6 CO 2 6 H 2 O Cellular Respiration Photosynthesis