2. Superposition

3. Road Cuts Rock Outcrops Compare and Contrast the two pictures. Adams, Co. – Peebles, Ohio Boulder, Co. – Boulder, Colorado

4. Both have trees growing on them. Both rock areas are sort of gray and pink in color. Rock is seen at the surface in both. Trees are green in both pictures. Road has been cut through both Left – layers, Right – no layers. Left – Deciduous Trees, Right – Conifers Left – Probably sedimentary, Right – probably not sedimentary Left dynamite drill holes, Right no drill holes Left not as “tall” as right

5. Source Rock (granite in this case.) Quartz Biotite MicaFeldspars

6. Granite is an igneous rock composed of three minerals, mica, feldspar and quartz. Pictured below are the three minerals: 1 - biotite mica2 - feldspar3 - quartz Granite can be weathered and eroded and the crystals of the minerals making it will become smaller pieces. Quartz is the hardest and will usually be found in larger pieces than either mica or feldspar. Quartz is often found as the main component of soil in beach and desert environments. Black Sand beach formed from dark volcanic matter. White Sand beach could be formed from quartz or even pieces of shells.

7. Student Work Example – The test over this material included having students create a diagram to explain where each type of rock could form.

8. Activity – 10 minutes Look at the cross-section map of the Edge of Appalachia Preserve. Starting at the bottom, give the conditions under which each rock layer formed. Number the layers from oldest to youngest. Indicate if the rock is composed from a biotic (non-clastic) or an abiotic (clastic) source. Indicate the type of vegetation on each layer and come up with a hypothesis why certain plants grow over certain rock layers. Looking at the Present to Interpret the Past.

9. Drawing for Activity - Looking at what is present and interpreting the past. Chris Bedel, Cincinnati Museum Center – Used by Permission