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1 LOWER COLUMBIA RIVER SURVIVAL STUDY, 2010: Passage Behavior and Survival at Bonneville Dam Ploskey, Faber, Batten, Weiland, Hughes, Deng, Fu, Martinez,

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Presentation on theme: "1 LOWER COLUMBIA RIVER SURVIVAL STUDY, 2010: Passage Behavior and Survival at Bonneville Dam Ploskey, Faber, Batten, Weiland, Hughes, Deng, Fu, Martinez,"— Presentation transcript:

1 1 LOWER COLUMBIA RIVER SURVIVAL STUDY, 2010: Passage Behavior and Survival at Bonneville Dam Ploskey, Faber, Batten, Weiland, Hughes, Deng, Fu, Martinez, Khan, Fischer, Ham, Kim, Trott, Royer, Hennen, Zimmerman, Woodley, Carlson PNNL Cushing, Etherington, Mitchell, Monter, Wilberding PSMFC Skalski, Townsend, Westhagen, Lady University of Washington Brad Eppard (COTR) Portland District, USACE (Sponsor)

2 Objectives Deploy double array of hydrophones on each dam face and evaluate detectability in preparation for a 2011 BiOp test Last full project study was a radio telemetry effort by USGS in 2005 Estimate*: Dam passage survival to primary array 81 km downstream (10 km downstream of confluence of Columbia and Willamette rivers) Survival from forebay entrance array to the primary array Spill passage efficiency Forebay residence time Tailrace egress time * Juvenile steelhead and yearling Chinook salmon smolts in spring Subyearling Chinook salmon smolts in summer 2

3 Objectives (Continued) 3 Estimate*: Route-specific & forebay survival rate Passage efficiency metrics Spatial distributions of passage Project passage time (forebay entrance to tailrace exit) Evaluate Behavioral Guidance Structure (BGS) in B2 forebay Evaluate summer spill treatments effects 24 h 95 kcfs 85 kcfs day & 120 kcfs night * Juvenile steelhead and yearling Chinook salmon smolts in spring Subyearling Chinook salmon smolts in summer

4 4 Powerhouse 1 (B1) sluiceway widened to accommodate more flow from B1 forebay Powerhouse 2 (B2) forebay had 700 ft long behavioral guidance structure (BGS) installed B2 Turbine 11 out of service all year B2 turbine intake extensions installed at every other intake on north half of B2 At turbine intakes 15A, 15C, 16B, 17A, 17C, 18B Unique Conditions in 2010

5 5 Underwater Listening for JSATS Tags in Fish Flow B2 Turbines 11-18 B2CC B1 Turbines 1-10 B1 Sluiceway Spillway 01-03 04-15 16-18 Forebay Entrance Array Tailrace Exit Array Combined Probability of Detection = 1 (B2, Spillway, and B1)

6 6 Flow Forebay Entrance Array Tailrace Exit Array Project Passage Time = T 2 - T 1 T2T2 Passage Time Definitions T1T1

7 7 Flow T 100m T2T2 Passage Time Definitions (Continued) Forebay Residence Time = T 2 - T 100m

8 8 Flow Tailrace Exit Array T2T2 Passage Time Definitions (Continued) Egress Time = T 2 – T 1 T1T1

9 Median Passage Time Metrics 9

10 10 Fish Passage Proportions Flow B2 RunFishFlow STH0.540.42 CH10.42 CH00.270.34 B1 RunFishFlow STH0.060.13 CH10.060.13 CH00.220.16 Spillway RunFishFlow STH0.400.45 CH10.520.45 CH00.510.50

11 Passage Metrics (Percent) 11

12 12 R 1 Roosevelt, WA (Rkm 390) R 2 The Dalles, OR (Rkm 307) R 3 Hood River, OR (Rkm 275) Three Fish Release Locations D 0 (rkm 236)...... 2 km Willamette R. Confluence Kalama, WA Oak Point, WA Ŝ Dam Ŝ Forebay Bonneville Virtual Release D 1 (rkm 234) D 2 (rkm 153) D 3 (rkm 113) D 4 (rkm 86) S2S2 λ 81 km 81 km 83 km Virtual Release

13 Release-Location Effects on Dam-Passage Survival 13 Spring Summer Bars depict 95% CIs

14 Estimated Forebay Losses & Survival 14 Bars depict 95% CIs

15 Dam-Passage Survival Estimates For Juvenile Steelhead (Dam + 81 km) 15 Vertical bars depict 95% CIs

16 Dam-Passage Survival Estimates for Yearling Chinook Salmon (Dam + 81 km) 16 Vertical bars depict 95% CIs

17 Single-Release Survival Estimates for Subyearling Chinook Salmon (Dam + 81 km) 17 Vertical bars depict 95% CIs

18 Prescribed & Realized Spill Treatments in Summer 18

19 Effect of Summer Spill Treatments 19 The Dalles Tailrace & Hood River Releases Roosevelt Releases Vertical bars depict 95% CIs Bars depict 95% CIs

20 Effects of Spill Treatments by Route (Passage + 81 km of Tailwater) 20 Bars depict 95% CIs

21 Conclusions Ready for 2011 BiOp test Hydrophone deployments successful Detection probabilities of double arrays on dam faces = 1 Most passage efficiency metrics were within historical range or just 3-5% out of range Spillway passage efficiency was similar to estimates for non-drought years Having Unit 11 out of service degraded B2CC passage efficiency relative to other years in spite of forebay BGS Single-release estimates of dam-passage survival were high for yearling and subyearling Chinook and were close to the BiOp standard juvenile steelhead Standard errors met BiOp precision requirements Differences in route specific survivals were informative Passage survival of subyearling Chinook salmon and other passage metrics did not differ among spill treatments Point estimates of spillway survival were higher under 24 h 95 kcfs spill than under 85D/120N treatment, particularly through end bays 21

22 Acknowledgements PNNL: T Carlson, C Arimescu, G Batten, B Bellgraph, R. Brown, S Carpenter, J Carter, K Carter, E Choi, Z Deng, K Deters, G Dirkes, Faber, E Fischer, T Fu, G Gaulke, K Hall, K Ham, R Harnish, M Hennen, J Hughes, M Hughes, G Johnson, F Khan, J Kim, K Knox, B Lamarche, K Lavender, J Martinez, G McMichael, B Noland, E Oldenburg, G Ploskey, I Royer, N Tavan, S Titzler, N Trimble, M Weiland, C Woodley, and S Zimmerman PSFMC: R Martinson, P Kahut, G Kolvachuk, D Ballenger, C Anderson, A Cushing, D Etherington, G George, S Goss, T Monter, T Mitchell, R Plante, M Walker, R Wall, M Wilberding USACE: B Eppard, D Schwartz, and M Langeslay (Portland District) Bonneville Dam electricians, riggers, operators, and biologists (J. Rerecich, B. Hausmann, K. Welch). UW: J Skalski, R Townsend, P Westhagen, J Lady, A Seaburg Cascade Aquatics: Brenda James 22

23 Yearling Chinook Salmon Behavior: Spillway & B2 Forebays 23 0 100 200 300 Range 7 ft 14 ft 7 ft = flow deflector elevations above MSL

24 Subyearling Chinook Salmon Behavior: Spillway & B2 Forebays 24 0 100 200 300 Range 7 ft 14 ft 7 ft = flow deflector elevations above MSL

25 Juvenile Steelhead Behavior: Spillway & B2 Forebays 25 0 100 200 300 Range 7 ft 14 ft 7 ft = flow deflector elevations above MSL

26 Yearling Chinook Salmon Behavior: B1 Forebay 26 0 100 200 300 Range

27 Subyearling Chinook Salmon Behavior: B1 Forebay 27 0 100 200 300 Range

28 Juvenile Steelhead Behavior: B1 Forebay 28 0 100 200 300 Range

29 Flow Deflectors Downstream of Spill Gates 29 Spill Gates 12-15; Gate 16 Shallow Deflector EL 14 ft above MSL Deep Deflector Gate 16 EL 7 ft above MSL Photos were provided by Dennis Schwartz Flow deflectors were added after construction of the spillway, and were designed to divert flow over baffle blocks and reduce the amount of air forced into solution.

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