1. Área: Lorem ipsum Razón Social: Telefónica Nomadic Virtual PC: A user Case for Network and Distributed Cloud Interworking Telefónica I+D

2. Área: Lorem ipsum Razón Social: Telefónica Key messages Video and cloud computing demands are stressing the network Core network operation and capacity should be adapted to new services demands 1 2 3 New transport architectures based on E2E MPLS and optical transport will pave the path towards Cross Stratum Optimization and enable new services such as Nomadic Virtual PC

3. Área: Lorem ipsum Razón Social: Telefónica 2 Core/Metro network Data center A Data center B Data center C Home users Enterprises Access Network Inter-Data Center connectivity Use cases: Content replication Bulk transfers Redundancy Database sync etc. Characteristics: Flexibility to replicate content along the network Few number of point to point high capacity connections Bandwidth variability Low latency (e.g database sync) Intra Data Center connectivity Use cases DC resource and energy optimization Distribute computation jobs Characteristics Elasticity to efficiently serve the computing job demands Huge number of connections between servers Ultra high capacity : “a data center with 100,000+ servers would require an internal network with 4 Petabits/sec”. Google OFC 2011 “The Emerging Optical Data Center” Video and cloud services are stressing the whole network End-User to Data Center connectivity Use cases: Access to CDN End Point Virtual Machines hosted in the cloud Corporate Elstic VPNs IPTV / VoD Characteristics: Huge number of connections Multiservice Low delay for cloud based services Latency requirements for video based services

4. Área: Lorem ipsum Razón Social: Telefónica 3 Video and cloud connectivity requirements Capacity: Video traffic increase is driving a CDN based video network architecture “ There is a strong need for high-capacity as well as ultra-long haul unregenerated reach between Datacenters” [Google, OFC 2011 Drivers and Applications of Optical Technologies for Internet Data Center Networks Capacity: Video traffic increase is driving a CDN based video network architecture “ There is a strong need for high-capacity as well as ultra-long haul unregenerated reach between Datacenters” [Google, OFC 2011 Drivers and Applications of Optical Technologies for Internet Data Center Networks Elasticity: Cloud traffic demands will have unprecedented bandwidth variability “Variable rate transmission has to be tightly integrated with the packet layer and managed at the system/network level to realize the overall throughput maximization”. [Google, OFC 2011 Drivers and Applications of Optical Technologies for Internet Data Center Networks Elasticity: Cloud traffic demands will have unprecedented bandwidth variability “Variable rate transmission has to be tightly integrated with the packet layer and managed at the system/network level to realize the overall throughput maximization”. [Google, OFC 2011 Drivers and Applications of Optical Technologies for Internet Data Center Networks QoS: Traffic differentiation over the same infrastructure (video, data, voice, bulk, etc) Service experience in the Virtual Machines hosted in the cloud must be equivalent to the one perceived in a LAN QoS: Traffic differentiation over the same infrastructure (video, data, voice, bulk, etc) Service experience in the Virtual Machines hosted in the cloud must be equivalent to the one perceived in a LAN Virtual Machines deployments vs physical servers Intra-cloud network bandwidth variability (8 case studies) Source: Towards predictable datacenter networks, SIGCOMM 2011

5. Área: Lorem ipsum Razón Social: Telefónica Network operation and capacity should be adapted to new traffic demands 4  CDN and cloud enabled networks must support:  … an extensive amount of requests from CDN and cloud data centers while the rest of traffic remains unaffected.  …BW and QoS assurance between end users and CDN/cloud data centers (e.g real time applications, data base sync, etc)  …flexible networking services enabling on demand fast data transfers between CDN/cloud data centers (e.g mirroring, redundancy, etc)  …high capacity and scalability  …costs optimization (data center and network)  …responsiveness to quickly changing demands  …enhanced service resilience (via cooperative recovery techniques between data centers and network)  …QoS enhancement (via better use of existing network and data center )  However current core connectivity services do not fulfill most of these requirements Key requirements for a CDN/CLOUD enabled network Cost/bit Guaranteed Bandwidth Guaranteed QoSRange Flexible BW Automated operation Capacity beyond 10 Gbps Current Core Architecture Internet (pure IP)€€NO GlobalYES NO Static IP VPN€€€€YESNOGlobalNO Static L2 VPN€€€YES MANNO Cloud Enabled Network Flexible connectivity services€YES GlobalYES Cloud and Video Ready networks will enable flexible connectivity services specially adapted to CDN and Cloud requirements Connectivity services Core Architecture Current Approach: Over-provisioning and static connectivity between Access Nodes and Data Centers Cloud Ready Network: Flexible connectivity services (e.g bandwidth variability) -High cost -Rigidness -Application unaware -Reduce cost (unused resources) -Flexibility -Application adapted

6. Área: Lorem ipsum Razón Social: Telefónica Key Technologies behind cloud ready networks Better transmission technologies will allow increase capacity of existing fiber links Key Technologies: Subwavelength Switching, elastic optical networks Better transmission technologies will allow increase capacity of existing fiber links Key Technologies: Subwavelength Switching, elastic optical networks Photonic Mesh is a real Network: it offers flexibility and scalability using a photonic control plane (like routing in IP networks) Key Technologies: GMPLS (Generalised Multiprotocol Label Switching),Hierarchical PCE (Path Computation Element), E-NNI (External Network to Network Interface) Photonic Mesh is a real Network: it offers flexibility and scalability using a photonic control plane (like routing in IP networks) Key Technologies: GMPLS (Generalised Multiprotocol Label Switching),Hierarchical PCE (Path Computation Element), E-NNI (External Network to Network Interface) MPLS, an intermediate IP layer, could be used to unify Transport and Aggregation segments, reducing E2E operation costs. Extension to Access segment will improve even more the network efficiency. Key Technologies: Seamless MPLS, MPLS-TP MPLS, an intermediate IP layer, could be used to unify Transport and Aggregation segments, reducing E2E operation costs. Extension to Access segment will improve even more the network efficiency. Key Technologies: Seamless MPLS, MPLS-TP Coordination between Optical transport layer and IP layer faces traffic growth in an economically efficient way by better resources usage. Key Technologies: IP offloading, multilayer restoration, multilayer planning Coordination between Optical transport layer and IP layer faces traffic growth in an economically efficient way by better resources usage. Key Technologies: IP offloading, multilayer restoration, multilayer planning Photonic control plane GMPLS + PCE Multilayer Coordination IP/MPLS Network Routing, montitoring and automated IP configuration Routing, montitoring and automated Photonic network configuration Signalling PHOTONIC MESH E2E MPLS

7. Área: Lorem ipsum Razón Social: Telefónica These network technologies will pave the path towards joint network and cloud optimization by enabling..  Flexible service platform design since service nodes (VM server, IPTV head end, BRAS or even the CDN end/entry points) may be located anywhere in the network.  Automated connectivity between access and service nodes since access nodes will be able to automatically reach any service node (e.g CDN end points, cloud servers, etc) if required, enhancing the network reliability and survivability, and optimizing the traffic distribution.  There exist a standardization initiative within IETF “Cross Stratum Optimization” working on new control plane paradigms for a joint network and cloud optimization

8. Área: Lorem ipsum Razón Social: Telefónica Example of Use case: The Virtual PC High stress in the core network  high cost End-user equipment leverages high performance computation and storage capacities of running VMs within a datacenter. The service: The rational behind: Simpler terminals (e.g power efficiente mobile devices). VMs run within a datacenter with granted performance and reliability. … The issues: Massive penetration may entail: - Network (Bandwidth) bottleneck at the Data Center - Difficulties in bandwith scalability - Multiple network segments involved in each connectivity service - High number of connections through the core - Several service classes in the core … Data Center Core network Access node A Access Node B

9. Área: Lorem ipsum Razón Social: Telefónica Example of Use case: The Virtual PC Core network (MPLS/Burst switching) ANAN ANAN ANAN Provisioning of VM service Low delay Better bandwidth scalability Small packets remain in the access not the core A unique service class in the core Overspill in the dynamic network ensures service continuity, restoration and data replication Distributing the data center between the access nodes brings end-user Vs. VM interaction to the network edge, driving to: A distributed data center makes up a sound business case

10. Área: Lorem ipsum Razón Social: Telefónica E2E MPLS and photonic transport enable a smooth service deployment from initial centralized approaches towards distributed data centers (e.g colocated with VoD servers) Data Center A Data Center B E2E MPLS photonic network Bulk data transfer from DC A to DC B Access Node C Access Node B Access node A VM of nomadic user is transferred to local AN Example of Use case: The Virtual PC Access Node D VM of nomadic user is transferred to local AN High network load to access DC A

11. Área: Lorem ipsum Razón Social: Telefónica 10  Field trial in Crypus over Primetel network using Intune subwavelength switching technologies among servers and access nodes www.ist-mains.eu Example of Use case: The Virtual PC

12. Área: Lorem ipsum Razón Social: Telefónica In summary Network architecture should be updated in order to fulfil the requirements in terms of capacity, QoS and elasticity from new video and cloud applications. A combination of E2E MPLS and photonic transport are the most efficient and mature solution available 1 3 E2E MPLS and photonic transport will pave the path towards joint network, CDN and cloud optimization 2 A distributed server approach makes up a sound business case for nomadic Virtual PC services 4 E2E MPLS photonic networks enable a smooth service deployment