1. Linear Ben Krahn Oregon State University Dairy Research Center

2. Linear Type Evaluation Frame-15% Dairy Character-20% Body Capacity-10% Feet and Legs-15% Udder-40% Purebred Dairy Cattle Association

3. Linear Type Evaluation 50 point scale Comparing against ideal Objective comparison Breed Classification

4. Frame 15% Rump Stature Front end Back Breed Characteristics

5. Rump Width between pins Slight slope from hips to pins Thurls wide and centered between pins

6. Rump Width 5-Extremely Narrow2.5” 25-Intermediate4.5” 45-Extremely Wide 6.5”

7. Rump Angle 5-High Pins1.5” 25-Slight Slope1.5” 45-Extreme Sloped4.5”

8. Stature Measured at the point of withers Height at point of withers and pins should be proportionate Varies by breed

9. Breed 453525155 Holstein 5957555351 Jersey 5351494745 B. Swiss 6058565452 Guernsey 5957555351 Ayrshire 5755535149 Shorthorn 5856545250 Stature in Inches by Breed Linear Score

10. Strength 5-Extremely Narrow 25-Intermediate 45-Extremely Strong and Wide

11. Dairy Character-20% 5-Extremely Tight 25-Intermediate 45-Extrememly Open

12. Body Capacity-10% 5-Extremely Shallow 25-Intermediate 45-Extremely Deep

13. Feet and Legs-15% Foot angle-Pasterns Rear legs –Rear view –Side view

14. Foot Angle 5-Extremely Low 25-Intermediate 45 degrees 45-Extremely Steep

15. Rear Legs-Rear View 5-Extreme Hock-In 25-Slight Hock-In 45-Tracks Extremely Straight

16. Rear Legs-Side View 5-Extremely Posty 25-Intermediate 45-Extremely Sickled

17. Udder-40% Udder Depth Front Teat Placement Rear Udder –Height –Width Fore Udder Teat Length Udder Balance and Texture

18. Udder Depth 5-Extremely Deep-2” 25-Intermediate2” 45-Extremely Shallow6”

19. Front Teat Placement 5-Extremely Wide 25-Centrally Placed 45-Extremely Close

20. Rear Udder Height 5-Extremely Low13.3” 25-Intermediate10.5” 45-Extremely High8.7”

21. Rear Udder Width 5-Extremely Narrow5” 25-Intermediate5.5” 45-Extremely Wide7.5” http://www.usjersey.com

22. Udder Cleft 5-Extremely Weak flat1” 25-Intermediate1.25” 45-Extremely Strong2.5”

23. Fore Udder 5-Extremely Loose 25-Intermediate 45-Extremely Strong

24. Teat Length 5-Extremely Short1.25” 25-Intermediate2.25” 45-Extremely Long3.25”

25. Udder Tilt 5-Extreme Rearward Tilt2.5” 25-Nearly Level 45-Extreme Forward Tilt1.5”

27. References Purina Mills –http://dairy.purina-mills.comhttp://dairy.purina-mills.com Holstein Association –http://www.holsteinusa.comhttp://www.holsteinusa.com American Jersey Association –http://www.usjersey.comhttp://www.usjersey.com Hoards Dairyman –http://www.hoards.comhttp://www.hoards.com World Holstein Friesian Federation –http://www.whff.info