1. < BackNext >PreviewMain Weathering and Soil Formation Chapter 10 Preview CRCT Preparation

2. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 10 CRCT Preparation 1. Water chemically breaks down rock because A water expands when it freezes. B acids in the water react with chemicals in the rock. C materials dissolved in the water are deposited. D water is not affected by wind.

3. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 10 CRCT Preparation 1. Water chemically breaks down rock because A water expands when it freezes. B acids in the water react with chemicals in the rock. C materials dissolved in the water are deposited. D water is not affected by wind.

4. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 10 CRCT Preparation 2. The component of soil that is made up of organic material is called A abrasion. B humus. C bedrock. D leaching.

5. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 10 CRCT Preparation 2. The component of soil that is made up of organic material is called A abrasion. B humus. C bedrock. D leaching.

6. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 10 CRCT Preparation 3. Which of the following areas would experience the most weathering? A an area with high winds, significant rain, hot summers, and freezing winters B an area with heavy rains, constant temperatures, and gentle winds C an area with constant heat, minimal rain, and high winds D all areas are subject to the same amounts of weathering

7. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 10 CRCT Preparation 3. Which of the following areas would experience the most weathering? A an area with high winds, significant rain, hot summers, and freezing winters B an area with heavy rains, constant temperatures, and gentle winds C an area with constant heat, minimal rain, and high winds D all areas are subject to the same amounts of weathering

8. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 10 CRCT Preparation 4. The dissolving of rock by acids that occur naturally in water A is known as acid precipitation. B is known as oxidation. C is known as chemical weathering. D causes most of the mechanical weathering of rocks.

9. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 10 CRCT Preparation 4. The dissolving of rock by acids that occur naturally in water A is known as acid precipitation. B is known as oxidation. C is known as chemical weathering. D causes most of the mechanical weathering of rocks.

10. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 10 CRCT Preparation 5. Which of the following statements describes how a rock changes after it is in a riverbed for a long time? A The rock rapidly breaks into smaller pieces. B Chunks of the rock break off, and the rock becomes rougher. C The edges of the rock are worn away, so its surface becomes smoother. D The rock absorbs water from the riverbed and becomes softer.

11. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 10 CRCT Preparation 5. Which of the following statements describes how a rock changes after it is in a riverbed for a long time? A The rock rapidly breaks into smaller pieces. B Chunks of the rock break off, and the rock becomes rougher. C The edges of the rock are worn away, so its surface becomes smoother. D The rock absorbs water from the riverbed and becomes softer.

12. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 10 CRCT Preparation Use the picture to answer question 6. 6. The picture shows the process of mechanical weathering that can cause cracks in rocks in Georgia’s northern mountains to widen. What is this process called ? A abrasion B dissolution C ice wedging D oxidation

13. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 10 CRCT Preparation Use the picture to answer question 6. 6. The picture shows the process of mechanical weathering that can cause cracks in rocks in Georgia’s northern mountains to widen. What is this process called ? A abrasion B dissolution C ice wedging D oxidation

14. < BackNext >PreviewMain 7. Why does air chemically weather rock? A The air molecules are abrasive. B Air fills cracks in the rock and later expands, causing the cracks to enlarge. C The oxygen in the air combines with elements in the rock in a process called oxidation. D The rock wears away after wind blows sand against the rock. Chapter 10 CRCT Preparation

15. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 10 CRCT Preparation 7. Why does air chemically weather rock? A The air molecules are abrasive. B Air fills cracks in the rock and later expands, causing the cracks to enlarge. C The oxygen in the air combines with elements in the rock in a process called oxidation. D The rock wears away after wind blows sand against the rock.

16. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 10 CRCT Preparation 8. Which of the following is an everyday example of a chemical phenomenon? A Fast moving river water rushes over rocks. B Organic acids produced by lichens break down rock. C Rocks tumble down a mountain during a rockslide. D Ice forms in a crack in a rock and makes the crack larger.

17. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 10 CRCT Preparation 8. Which of the following is an everyday example of a chemical phenomenon? A Fast moving river water rushes over rocks. B Organic acids produced by lichens break down rock. C Rocks tumble down a mountain during a rockslide. D Ice forms in a crack in a rock and makes the crack larger.

18. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 10 CRCT Preparation 9. Which human activities can help prevent soil erosion? A planting cover crops and employing contour plowing methods B strip mining and deforestation C building cities and highways D growing crops and burning fossil fuels

19. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 10 CRCT Preparation 9. Which human activities can help prevent soil erosion? A planting cover crops and employing contour plowing methods B strip mining and deforestation C building cities and highways D growing crops and burning fossil fuels

20. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 10 CRCT Preparation 10. Naomi made the pie graph during a laboratory experiment in which she analyzed the composition of loam found in Georgia. Based on this chart, which of the following is a valid conclusion? A Approximately 95% of the material that makes up loam is useless to plants. B Decayed organic matter is the least abundant component of loam. C Only about 9% of loam’s composition is useful to plants. D Only about 16% of loam’s composition is useful to plants.

21. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 10 CRCT Preparation 10. Naomi made the pie graph during a laboratory experiment in which she analyzed the composition of loam found in Georgia. Based on this chart, which of the following is a valid conclusion? A Approximately 95% of the material that makes up loam is useless to plants. B Decayed organic matter is the least abundant component of loam. C Only about 9% of loam’s composition is useful to plants. D Only about 16% of loam’s composition is useful to plants.

22. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 10 CRCT Preparation 11. The soil of the Southern Piedmont areas of Georgia is thin and low in nutrients. Much of this terrain was cleared at one time for lumber, fuel, and agricultural land. This led to negative environmental impacts. Why might farmers move from one plot of this land to another, and how might this movement increase the negative environmental impact?

23. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 10 CRCT Preparation 11. Answer - Full credit answers should include the following points: Because the soil is low in nutrients, farmers move to new plots in search of fertile soil to farm. Abandoning the land after farming increases erosion, so moving from one plot to another spreads the negative impact to more areas.

24. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 10 CRCT Preparation 12. Why is the soil of tropical rain forests thin and nutrient-poor?

25. < BackNext >PreviewMain Chapter 10 CRCT Preparation 12. Answer - Full credit answers should include the following points: Heavy rains leach nutrients from the topsoil. The lush vegetation of a rain forest creates a great demand for nutrients. Trees and other plants naturally deplete the soil of nutrients.