1. Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data processing and its usage for forest cover and forest stand parameter estimation Géza Király 1, Gábor Brolly 1 1 University of West Hungary Faculty of Forestry Department of Surveying and Remote Sensing H-9400 SOPRON, Bajcsy-Zs u. 4.

2. Methodology 1.  Planning the survey and getting the permission  Execution of the survey  Pre-processing  Filtering  Relative orientation  Absolute orientation  Processing  Digital Surface Model (DSM)  Digital Terrain Model (DTM)  normalised Digital Surface Model (nDSM) 24/04/2014RS In Forest Protection and Inventory, Novy Smokovec2

3. Methodology 2.  Forest parameters extraction  Area-based methods  Stand heights  Crown closure  Stem density  Individual tree based methods  Number of single trees  Single tree heights  Crown projection area  Processing of imagery data 24/04/2014RS In Forest Protection and Inventory, Novy Smokovec3

4. INMEIN project (HUSK/1101/1.2.1/0141) Execution of the survey: 2013.09.08. 24/04/2014RS In Forest Protection and Inventory, Novy Smokovec4

5. File (‚Adatlap’) – MH GEOSZ 24/04/2014RS In Forest Protection and Inventory, Novy Smokovec5

6. Execution Point density (0 – 40 points/m 2 ) 24/04/2014RS In Forest Protection and Inventory, Novy Smokovec6

7. ~1900 images have been captured parallel True-colour images (RGB) ~10 cm resolution Mono- and stereo- photogrammetric evaluation Image-based forest cover 24/04/2014RS In Forest Protection and Inventory, Novy Smokovec7

8. Relative orientation 24/04/2014RS In Forest Protection and Inventory, Novy Smokovec8

9. Digital Elevation Models Digital Terrain Model DTM Normalised Digital Surface Model – nDSM 24/04/2014RS In Forest Protection and Inventory, Novy Smokovec9  Adaptive TIN method nDSM = DSM-DTM Digital Surface Model DSM  Fitting parabola method

10. Digital Surface Model (DSM)  Functional model  Tree height  Single crowns  Semi-continuous surface  Properties  Highest points of the crowns  Smooth surfaces inside the crowns  Drop down to the ground between the crowns  Polynomial Approximation  Approximation  Local point filtering  Maximum 2nd order surfaces 24/04/2014RS In Forest Protection and Inventory, Novy Smokovec10

11. Digital Terrain Model (DTM) 24/04/2014RS In Forest Protection and Inventory, Novy Smokovec11

12. Normalised Digital Surface Model (nDSM) and its detail 24/04/2014RS In Forest Protection and Inventory, Novy Smokovec12

13. Normalised Digital Surface Model, Canopy Height Model (nDSM – CHM) 24/04/2014RS In Forest Protection and Inventory, Novy Smokovec13 where: V: Volume of the stand (m 3 ) F c : form number for crown projection area G c : Sum of crown projection area (m 2 ) H: average stand height (m)

14. Segmentation of the crowns  Inverse watershed modelling  Jenson and Domingue 1988  Gougeon 1995  Hyyppä, Inkinen 1999  Sinkpoints -> tip  Watershed -> crown 24/04/2014RS In Forest Protection and Inventory, Novy Smokovec14

15. Results Forest stand height  Distribution of the relative heights of the points  90% perc:  29.25 m (39 m/34 m)  Delineation of sub-stands 24/04/2014RS In Forest Protection and Inventory, Novy Smokovec15

16. Results Crown-closure 24/04/2014RS In Forest Protection and Inventory, Novy Smokovec16

17. Results Delineation of sub-stands 24/04/2014RS In Forest Protection and Inventory, Novy Smokovec17

18. Results Number of trees  Old stand:  383 (227)  Reforestation:  582 (100) 24/04/2014RS In Forest Protection and Inventory, Novy Smokovec18

19. Results Volume 24/04/2014RS In Forest Protection and Inventory, Novy Smokovec19

20. Reference measurements  2014.04.03  Kisbodak  18P  19C  19E  National Forest Inventory method  Terrestrial Laser Scanning  Field Survey (ERTI) 24/04/2014RS In Forest Protection and Inventory, Novy Smokovec20

21. Further tasks  Reference data collection and processing  Form-number determination for poplar stands  Combination of Laser Scanning data with imagery data for improving automatic forest cover maps and forest parameters determination 24/04/2014RS In Forest Protection and Inventory, Novy Smokovec21

22. THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION! Further info: kiraly.geza@emk.nyme.hukiraly.geza@emk.nyme.hu Acknowledgements: INMEIN - HUSK/1101/1.2.1/0141 24/04/2014RS In Forest Protection and Inventory, Novy Smokovec22