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The CMS Detector Paoti Chang National Taiwan University
Workshop on LHC Physics and the Strategies for Discovery Taipei, Taiwan, Jan. 14, 2008 1/14/08 NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Detector Requirement Good Muon identification;good dimuon mass resolution (~1% at 100 GeV); distinguish charge at 1 TeV. Good momentum resolution for charged tracks. Efficient triggering and off-line tagging on t and b-jets. Good EM energy resolution; good diphoton and dielectron mass resolution; wide geometrical coverage; p0 rejection and efficient photon and lepton isolation Good missing-transverse-energy and dijet mass resolution high-field solenoid, full-silicon-based inner tracking system and a homogenous scintillating-crystal-based electromagnetic calorimeter 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Overview of the CMS Detector
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Superconducting Magnet
Special features: 1. Winding composed of four layers 2. Mechanically reinforced with aluminum alloy 3. Large dimension 6.2 m cold bore, 12.5m length,220-t mass 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Main parameters CMS decides to use lower field, 3.8T.
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CMS Barrel Yoke ready for coil and muon Detector
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Inner Tracking System ⇕
Provide precise measurements of track trajectories and secondary vertices. L= 1034 cm-2 s-1 1000 particles from >20 inter. high granularity and fast response of electronics Keeping minimum amount of material 3 layers of pixel to reduce occupancy ( cm) 10 layers of silicon strip detectors (R ~ 1.1 m) endcaps: 2 disk pixel and 3 plus 9 strip on each side ⇕ 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Overview of the tracker layout
Acceptance |h|<2.5, 200 m2 silicon area, 1440 pixel and strip modules. pixel: 100x150 mm2; Inner silicon: 10cm x 80mm; outer silicon: 25cm x 180 mm 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Expected Hadron Fluence and Radiation Dose
L = 500 fb-1, 10 years of LHC running Surface damage on readout chips 0.25mm CMOS chip (rad. hard) Increasing leakage current low temperature -10C to -27C transient phenomena 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Pixel Detector barrel support structure Layout overview
material budget 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Barrel Pixel Detector Modules
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Forward Pixel Sketches of two types of FPix panels
Half cylinders Sketch of of a plaquette mounted in a panel 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Status of Pixels 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Overview of Silicon Strip Detector
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Silicon sensor 320 mm sensors 500 mm sensors Active region
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Silicon Tracker Inner Barrel and Endcap
Exploded views of a module of two sensors Three TIB modules in a shell 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Outer Silicon Tracker Each sector consists of 9 front petals and 9 back petals d = 2.3 m Endcap outer silicon strip detectors TOB wheel 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Rod an Petal Double sided rod Front and back panels for TEC
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Expected Performance Transverse momentum Impact parameter in r
Impact parameter in z 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Electromagnetic Calorimeter
The CMS ECAL consists of a hermetic homogenous calorimeter made of 61200 lead tungstate (PbWO4) crystals in the central barrel part, ~7324 crystals in each of the two endcaps, and a preshower detector in front of the endcap crystals. Advantages of PbWO4: 1. high density (8.28 g/cm3); 2. shorter rad. Length (.89 cm) 3. short Moliere radius (2.2 cm); 4. fast radiation decay time (80% of the light in 25 ns) fine granularity, radiation hardness and compact calor. 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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CMS-PbWO4 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Layout of the CMS ECAL Barrel: |h| < 1.479 360 fold in f
2x85 fold in h crystal size: front: 22x22 mm2 back: 26x26 mm2 length: 230 mm 25.8 X0 Endcap: 1.479< |h| < 3.0 1 unit = 5x5 crystals. crystal size: front: 28.62x28.62mm2 back: 30x30 mm2 length: 220 mm 24.7 X0 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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ECAL Modules Barrel supermodule (1700 crystals) Module of 200 crystals
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ECAL-Barrel 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Preshower Detector 1.653<|h|<2.6; total length 20 cm.
Twp parts: lead radiators and silicon strip sensors. Taiwan involvement: NCU: 1/4 silicon sensors NTU: System Motherboards 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Calibration and Resolution
channel-to-channel variation: use lab. measurements on light yields and photo-dio. response. 5% in barrel and 10% in endcap Beam test p0/h →gg in data; w →en. Laser Monitor system Energy resolution 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Performance of a typical 3x3 crystals
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Status of ECAL Endcaps & Preshower
Preshower: testing micro modules, motherboards and preparing to install in April 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Longitudinal View of the CMS Det.
HCAL Barrel HCAL Endcap HCAL Forward 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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HCAL Barrel (HB) The HB consists of two half-barrels, each of which contains 18 wedges. Each wedge corresponds to 4 f sectors. The absorber consists of a 40-mm thick front steel plate, mm-thick brass plates, mm-thick brass plate, and a 75-mm-thick steel back plate. 16 h 5.82 lI at 90 and 10.6 lI at h=1.3 wedge Half barrel 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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The HCAL Tower Segmentation
Plastic scintillators 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Endcap Calorimeter (HE)
Yoke Close to magnet, non-conducting absorber has to be used. C26000 cartridge brass 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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HCAL Endcaps Scintillator Tray HE Wedges 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei
The CMS Detector
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Forward Calorimeter Situate at |h| = 5
Detect particles through its Cherenkov light. Require good EM response (electrons). Serve as luminosity monitor Methods: zero counting and average ET per tower 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Expected Performance Jet energy resolution 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei
The CMS Detector
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Muon System Identify muons, measure momentum and trigger muon events.
The muon system consists of three types of gaseous detectors: 1. four layers of drift tubes in |h|<1.2 2. cathode strip chamber covering |h| to 2.4 3. resistive plate chambers 6 layers in barrel and 3 in endcaps ( |h| < 1.6 ) 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Layout of Drift Tube Chambers
One layer is inside the yoke, one is outside, and the other two are embedded within the york. One of the five wheels. 60 chambers in the first three layers and 70 in the last. 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Sketch of Drift-Tube Cell
Gas: 85% Ar + 15% CO2 Top and bottom plates are grounded. The voltages applied to the electrode are +320V for wires, V for the strips and V for the cathode. 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Installation of MB1 on Wheel 2
Each DT chamber is made of 3 (or 2) superlayers, each of which is made of 4 layers of rectangular drift cells. 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Quarter view of the CMS Detector
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Layout of a CSC & a Schematic View of a Single Gap
HV: kV 7 trapezoidal panels forming a 6 gas gaps. Gas: 40% Ar + 50% CO2 + 10% CF4 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Resistive Plate Chamber
Advantage: tagging the ionizing time much shorter than 25ms good for triggers Gas: 96.2% C2H2F % C2H % SF6 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Schematic Layout for Barrel RPC
r-f view 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Layout for Endcap RPC 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Expected Performance 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Status of the Muon System
DT muons: a. Install tower electronics b. Test and commission 2. CSC a. All chambers and electronics are installed B. Do more tests. 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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Summary After so many year hardwork, majority of the detector and electronics are installed and commissioned. Problems and difficulties are foreseen before collisions. Tight schedule for Endcap ECAL and Preshower. Keep testing and looking forward to LHC physics. 1/14/08, NTU, Taipei The CMS Detector
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