1. Marie Tully Johns Hopkins University Hardware, Operating, and Networking Systems for Schools Fall 2010

2. Ergon: meaning to work and Nomos: meaning laws or rules http://ehs.okstate.edu/modules/ergo/What.htm

3. Ergonomics is the science of work and the study of the relationship of the human body to the workplace environment. Ergonomics stresses the importance of comfort, safety, and productivity of the worker by enhancing their physical comfort. http://www.ehow.com/how_2312909_improve-office-ergonomics.html

4. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ove V-qglBZ8

5. http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/ergonomics/

6. http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/ergonomics/guidelines.html

7. Prevent the development of occupational disorders Enhance worker productivity and satisfaction Reduce employees physical and mental stress Reduce the potential for fatigue, error, or unsafe acts Improve the evaluation and design of facilities, environments, jobs, tasks, tools, and equipment in the work place Improve safety in the work place $ave employers money $$$ http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/ergonomics/ http://www.ergoweb.com/resources/faq/questions.cfm#purpose http://www.ehs.umaryland.edu/OSH/ergonomics.cfm

8. http://ehs.okstate.edu/modules/ergo/What.htm

9. Mold Radon Environmental Pollutants Indoor Air Quality Permanent Hearing Loss Excessive Noise Eyestrain Headaches- especially with computer use Improper Lighting Fatigue Headaches Rashes Congestion Sick Building Syndrome http://ehs.okstate.edu/modules/ergo/What.htm

10. Caused by repetitive motions that would not result in undue stress or harm if performed only once Repetitive Strain Injuries (RSI) Cumulative Trauma Disorders (CTD) http://ehs.okstate.edu/modules/ergo/What.htm

11. Repetitive Motions Tasks Involving Vibration Tasks Using Awkward Positions Tasks Using Excessive Force http://ehs.okstate.edu/modules/ergo/What.htm

12. Awkward Posture Leaning Forward Or Sideway At Desk Wrist Is At An Odd Angle When Typing Reaching To Use A Mouse Twisting Neck To Look At Monitor Or Phone Lifting Objects From Below Waist or Above Shoulders Repitition Continuous Poor Posture Long Hours of Typing Long Hours of Filing Long Hours of Stamping Frequent Lifting Repeated Motions with Computer Mouse Squeezing Motion as with a cake decorators icing bag Sitting For Long Hours in the Same Position While Typing Force Pounding On Keyboard Stamping Lifting Heavy Boxes Or Furniture Carrying Office Equipment Using An Improper Grip http://ehs.okstate.edu/modules/ergo/CTD.htm

14. “To understand Cumulative Trauma Disorders (CTDs), it is necessary to understand how the body works. Body movements are produced by contracting and relaxing muscles. The muscles are attached to bones by tendons. Tendons are smooth, and in some parts of the body they glide back and forth inside tubes called synovial sheaths. The sheath produces a lubricant called synovial fluid to help the tendons glide easily. CTDs result when repeated stress is placed on the tendons, muscles, or nerves causing inflammation or damage. “ http://ehs.okstate.edu/modules/ergo/CTD.htm

15. Tendonitis: inflammation of the tendons Tenosynovitis: inflammation of the synovial sheath

16. http://www.youtube.com/v/S7Jkoks2lt4 &feature=related

17. Burning in the hands, wrists, fingers, forearms, or elbows Tingling, coldness, or numbness in the hands Loss of strength and coordination in the hands Pain that wakes you at night Swelling of wrists and joints Feeling a need to massage hands, wrists, and arms Pain in upper back, shoulders, or neck associated with computer use http://eeshop.unl.edu/rsi.html

18. Use an ergonomically appropriate chair that fits the person to his/her workstation Use supplemental equipment to reduce musculoskeletal strain (wrist rests, copy stands, lumbar rolls) Position equipment properly (lower keyboards, position terminals to reduce glare, provide adequate work space to perform the task required by the job) Recommended appropriate VDT terminal placement is: 24 inches average distance face to screen & all sides regardless of partitions. Top of VDT screen should be at eye level Provide noise insulation - Recommend printers and other noise generating equipment placed away from immediate work areas Encourage employees to take "computer breaks" Prevent glare - close blinds, use soft lighting and task lighting, provide anti-glare screens Recommend employees get annual eye exams http://ehs.virginia.edu/ehs/ehs.ergo/ergo.msi.html

19. When Sitting feet rest comfortably on the floor or on a footrest knees are slightly lower than your hips. curve of the chair back fits into the deepest part of the curve in your lower back back of the chair is upright or tilted back for comfort Armrests are adjusted so that they are just slightly below the elbows when shoulders are relaxed DON’T SLOUCH or STICK YOUR NECK OUT! When Keying shoulders are relaxed & elbows are close to the body elbows are bent to 90 degrees tops of the “home row” keys are at the same height as your elbows, or slightly lower than your elbows wrists are straight,not bent When Positioning the Cursor (using a mouse, trackball, touch pad, etc.) Place pointing device close to the keyboard http://groups.ucanr.org/ehs/files/59743.pdf http://ehs.virginia.edu/ehs/ehs.ergo/ergo.vdt.html

20. When Viewing the Monitor It is in front of you & the top line of print is at or just below your eye level; lower if you wear glasses able to scan the screen from top to bottom by using only eye movements, not head movements you can sit against the back of the chair reading the screen from a comfortable distance, without eye fatigue, blurred vision or headaches no glare on screen, use an optical glass anti-glare filter where needed When Reading a Document document is not on the flat work surface document is next to the monitor or between the monitor and the keyboard document is at the same distance as, or closer than, the monitor You can look at the document and the monitor by moving only your eyes, not your head http://groups.ucanr.org/ehs/files/59743.pdf http://ehs.virginia.edu/ehs/ehs.ergo/ergo.vdt.html

25. http://www.google.com/images?hl=en&gbv=2&tbs=isch%3A1&sa=1&q=ergonomic+images&btnG=Search&aq=f&aqi=g1&aql=&oq=&gs_rfaihttp://www.google.com/images?hl=en&gbv=2&tbs=isch%3A1&sa=1&q=ergonomic+images&btnG=Search&aq=f&aqi=g1&aql=&oq=&gs_rfai=

26. http://www.google.com/images?hl=en&gbv=2&tbs=isch%3A1&sa=1&q=ergonomic+images&btnG=Search&aq=f&aqi=g1&aql=&oq=&gs_rfaihttp://www.google.com/images?hl=en&gbv=2&tbs=isch%3A1&sa=1&q=ergonomic+images&btnG=Search&aq=f&aqi=g1&aql=&oq=&gs_rfai=

27. http://www.google.com/images?hl=en&gbv=2&tbs=isch%3A1&sa=1&q=ergonomic+images&btnG=Search&aq=f&aqi=g1&aql=&oq=&gs_rfaihttp://www.google.com/images?hl=en&gbv=2&tbs=isch%3A1&sa=1&q=ergonomic+images&btnG=Search&aq=f&aqi=g1&aql=&oq=&gs_rfai=

28. http://www.google.com/images?hl=en&gbv=2&tbs=isch%3A1&sa=1&q=ergonomic+images&btnG=Search&aq=f&aqi=g1&aql=&oq=&gs_rfaihttp://www.google.com/images?hl=en&gbv=2&tbs=isch%3A1&sa=1&q=ergonomic+images&btnG=Search&aq=f&aqi=g1&aql=&oq=&gs_rfai=