1. www.astro.washington.edu/balick/PNIC A tribute to Donald E. Osterbrock, 1924–2007 A tribute to Donald E. Osterbrock, 1924–2007 PLANETARY NEBULA IMAGE CATALOGUE Bruce Balick, U. Washington PLANETARY NEBULA IMAGE CATALOGUE Bruce Balick, U. Washington

2. ≈720 images of ≈620 PNe sorted by galactic coordinates and name search with your browser’s “Find” Special acknowledgements: Romano Corradi, Arturo Manhcado

3. Ground-based, HST, and Large-Field Images when available Image Legend: name, coordinates, colors, attribution, source

4. Morphology Classifications and Frequency Statistics ≈620 PNe; more HST images of PNe and pPNe to be added this summer ≈620 PNe; more HST images of PNe and pPNe to be added this summer

5. Morphological Types Primary: core outline, which is the most prominent structure seen in short exposures – DEPENDS ON GOOD SPATIAL RESOLUTION –Only one core classification per object, like a species Secondary: large-scale symmetries –DEPENDS ON DEPTH OF EXPOSURES Tertiary: relatively prominent extended features near the core –LOBES, SHELLS, HALOES, BOW WAVES… –DEPENDS ON DEPTH OF EXPOSURES Tertiary: small-scale features –ANSAE, JETS, “SPIKES”, FILAMENTS, ETC. –DETECTION IS SENSITIVE TO RESOLUTION AND FILTER Primary: core outline, which is the most prominent structure seen in short exposures – DEPENDS ON GOOD SPATIAL RESOLUTION –Only one core classification per object, like a species Secondary: large-scale symmetries –DEPENDS ON DEPTH OF EXPOSURES Tertiary: relatively prominent extended features near the core –LOBES, SHELLS, HALOES, BOW WAVES… –DEPENDS ON DEPTH OF EXPOSURES Tertiary: small-scale features –ANSAE, JETS, “SPIKES”, FILAMENTS, ETC. –DETECTION IS SENSITIVE TO RESOLUTION AND FILTER

6. –Round (17% of classifiable, 13% of all) –Closed Elliptical (36% — 27%) –Barrel, or open elliptical (29% — 22%) –Pinched waist (9% — 6%) –Equatorial disk (9% — 7%) –Amorphous or complex (unclassifiable) (11%) –Poorly resolved (unclassifiable) (13%) –Round (17% of classifiable, 13% of all) –Closed Elliptical (36% — 27%) –Barrel, or open elliptical (29% — 22%) –Pinched waist (9% — 6%) –Equatorial disk (9% — 7%) –Amorphous or complex (unclassifiable) (11%) –Poorly resolved (unclassifiable) (13%) Primary: Core Outlines

7. –Round the core has a closed round outline –Closed Elliptical the core has a closed elliptical outline –Barrel, or open elliptical –Round the core has a closed round outline –Closed Elliptical the core has a closed elliptical outline –Barrel, or open elliptical

8. Primary: Core Outlines – Pinched waist the core has a pinched, perhaps darkened waist –Equatorial disk the core is dominated by a equatorial thin disk or ring – Pinched waist the core has a pinched, perhaps darkened waist –Equatorial disk the core is dominated by a equatorial thin disk or ring

9. Primary: Core Outlines – Amorphous or complex (unclassifiable) – Poorly resolved (unclassifiable) – Amorphous or complex (unclassifiable) – Poorly resolved (unclassifiable)

10. 2ry: Large-Scale Symmetry –Multiple Symmetry Axes (8%) –Spiral or Point Symmetry (5%) –Orthogonal Extensions (8%) –Multiple Symmetry Axes (8%) –Spiral or Point Symmetry (5%) –Orthogonal Extensions (8%)

11. 3ry: Prominent Core Extensions –Lobe Pairs (open and closed) –Lobe Pairs (open and closed) (27%) –Peanut, or Pinched Barrel –Peanut, or Pinched Barrel (4%) –Encapsulating Bow Wave –Encapsulating Bow Wave (2%) –Lobe Pairs (open and closed) –Lobe Pairs (open and closed) (27%) –Peanut, or Pinched Barrel –Peanut, or Pinched Barrel (4%) –Encapsulating Bow Wave –Encapsulating Bow Wave (2%)

12. –Shells (adjacent to core; ≈smooth surface brightness) –Shells (adjacent to core; ≈smooth surface brightness) (20%) –Haloes (large, faint, limb brightened, sometimes irregular) –Haloes (large, faint, limb brightened, sometimes irregular) (4%) –Shells (adjacent to core; ≈smooth surface brightness) –Shells (adjacent to core; ≈smooth surface brightness) (20%) –Haloes (large, faint, limb brightened, sometimes irregular) –Haloes (large, faint, limb brightened, sometimes irregular) (4%) 3ry: Prominent Core Extensions

13. –Ansae or Knots (in regular pairs) –Ansae or Knots (in regular pairs) (10%) –Jets or Bowshocks (in regular pairs) –Jets or Bowshocks (in regular pairs) (3%) –Spikes and Necklaces –Spikes and Necklaces (2%) –Ansae or Knots (in regular pairs) –Ansae or Knots (in regular pairs) (10%) –Jets or Bowshocks (in regular pairs) –Jets or Bowshocks (in regular pairs) (3%) –Spikes and Necklaces –Spikes and Necklaces (2%) 4ry: Small-Scale Features

14. –Knotty Edges –Knotty Edges (9%) –Filamentary or Flocculent Edges –Filamentary or Flocculent Edges (12%) –Possible Neutral Edges –Possible Neutral Edges (3%) –Knotty Edges –Knotty Edges (9%) –Filamentary or Flocculent Edges –Filamentary or Flocculent Edges (12%) –Possible Neutral Edges –Possible Neutral Edges (3%)

15. Remember! The images come from highly biased and incomplete samples and surveysThe images come from highly biased and incomplete samples and surveys The image details depend on exposure depth, spatial resolution, filters, field, other observablesThe image details depend on exposure depth, spatial resolution, filters, field, other observables Morphologies are a multidimensional continuum; names can create artificial boundariesMorphologies are a multidimensional continuum; names can create artificial boundaries More HST images coming: prePNe and PNe Combine with kinematic data –e.g., The SPM Kinematic Catalog of PNe (in progress) J.A. Lopez, M. Richer, H. Riesgo, W. Steffen, J. Meaburn, G. Garcia- Segura, M. Bryce, & K. Escalante Combine with IR & x-ray images The images come from highly biased and incomplete samples and surveysThe images come from highly biased and incomplete samples and surveys The image details depend on exposure depth, spatial resolution, filters, field, other observablesThe image details depend on exposure depth, spatial resolution, filters, field, other observables Morphologies are a multidimensional continuum; names can create artificial boundariesMorphologies are a multidimensional continuum; names can create artificial boundaries More HST images coming: prePNe and PNe Combine with kinematic data –e.g., The SPM Kinematic Catalog of PNe (in progress) J.A. Lopez, M. Richer, H. Riesgo, W. Steffen, J. Meaburn, G. Garcia- Segura, M. Bryce, & K. Escalante Combine with IR & x-ray images

16. X-Ray vs Optical Core Morphologies All nine extended x- ray PNe are contained within closed cores and lobes (so far, anyway)All nine extended x- ray PNe are contained within closed cores and lobes (so far, anyway) All seven non- detections of PNe have open geometriesAll seven non- detections of PNe have open geometries Suggests that “punctures” deflate the hot bubble; gas cools by expansionSuggests that “punctures” deflate the hot bubble; gas cools by expansion All nine extended x- ray PNe are contained within closed cores and lobes (so far, anyway)All nine extended x- ray PNe are contained within closed cores and lobes (so far, anyway) All seven non- detections of PNe have open geometriesAll seven non- detections of PNe have open geometries Suggests that “punctures” deflate the hot bubble; gas cools by expansionSuggests that “punctures” deflate the hot bubble; gas cools by expansion X-ray images from www.iaa.csic.es/xpn/xmm_axaf_det.html www.iaa.csic.es/xpn/xmm_axaf_det.html courtesy Martin A. Guerrero, You-Hua Chu, and Robert A. Gruendl X-ray images from www.iaa.csic.es/xpn/xmm_axaf_det.html www.iaa.csic.es/xpn/xmm_axaf_det.html courtesy Martin A. Guerrero, You-Hua Chu, and Robert A. Gruendl