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CH 19 Eukaryote Kingdom #1: Protists
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Eukaryote Kingdom #1: Protista “The Junk Drawer Kingdom” One-celled (mostly) Eukaryotic (have organelles) 3 types of protists: 1. Animal-like: Protozoans 2. Plant-like: Algae 3. Fungus-like: Slime Molds
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Protist Movement Types Amoebas Flagellates Ciliates
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Protist Reproduction Asexual- dividing into 2 identical cells Conjugation- offspring get characteristics from both parents
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Animal-like Protists: Protozoans Heterotrophs (like animals) In water, on land, in other organisms
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Animal-Like Protists: Protozoans ex 1: Amoebas Heterotrophs Use PSEUDOPODS, aka “false feet,” to move & trap food
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Animal-Like Protists: Protozoans ex 2: Giardia Intestinal parasite from contaminated water Symptoms: tired, weight-loss, diarrhea Use FLAGELLA to moveFLAGELLA
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Animal-Like Protists: Protozoans ex 3: Trypanosomes Causes African Sleeping Sickness: Fatal! Fever, chills, skin rash, affects nervous system In blood, spread by Tsetse flies in Africa Use FLAGELLA to move
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Animal-Like Protists: Protozoans ex 4: Paramecium Use CILIA to move and to bring food into their mouth poreCILIA Food is packaged into vacuoles and chemically broken down Waste leaves through anal pore
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Animal-Like Protists: Protozoans Ex 5: Sporozoans Produce spores to reproduce Parasites live in blood Plasmodium causes malaria, Plasmodium Deadly - kills 3 million every year Mosquitoes transfer infected blood
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Protists: Protozoans- plasmodium
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Plant-like Protists: Algae Live in water Autotrophs Make almost one-half of the worlds carbohydrates and oxygen
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Plant-like Protists: Algae Ex 1: EuglenaEuglena Have chloroplasts- make food from light Flagellum to move Eyespot to locate food Heterotroph and Autotroph!
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Sensing and Responding Eyespot- senses changes in light, can move to food, away from harmful chemicals
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Plant-like Protists: Algae Ex 2: DiatomsDiatoms Hard shell made of silica (glass) Die, shells build up on the ocean bottom collected and used for soaps and scouring powders
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Plant-like Protists: Algae ex 2: Diatoms
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Plant-Like Protists: Algae Ex 3:
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Dinoflagellate- Structure 2 unequal flagella Cell wall with plates of cellulose
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Dinoflagellates- Red Tide
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Dinoflagellates Red Tide Massive blooms Produce toxins Kills fish Stored in mussels and clam tissue Causes Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning
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PSP Toxin Neurotoxin 1000X power of cyanide No antidote, need immediate medical attention, life support equipment Low dose? w/ treatment, symptoms gone in 9 hours
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PSP Symptoms Numbness, tingling around mouth Vomiting, diarrhea Double vision Respiratory paralysis, death
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Dinoflagellates Bioluminescence
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Protists: Algae Ex 4: Seaweed Have chloroplasts Many cells together, up to 60 cm long and some 100 m tall (giant kelp) Red, green, browngreen In many foods
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Protists: Osmosis- water balance Water moves through cell membrane from high concentration of water to low concentration of water In fresh water, a protist cell may burst, so protists collect water and push it back out
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Protists: Osmosis in Cells
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Osmosis- water balance
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Contractile Vacuole Contractile Vacuole in Paramecium Full Empty
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Questions: 1. Why are ground-up diatoms sometimes used in powdered cleansers? 2. Which protist that you observed do you think is the most advanced? 3. Why is it more advanced? 4. In which protist that you observed could you identify the most organelles? 5. How many organelles could you see and identify?
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Slide 1: Euglena acus
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Slide 2: Diatoms
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Slide 3: Paramecium caudatum
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Slide 4: Stentor coeruleus
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Slide 5: Ameoba proteus
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Slide 6: Radiolarians
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Slide 7: Foraminifera
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