1. EN50360/1 Measurement of SAR related to human
exposure to EM fields from mobile phones
(300 MHz - 3 GHz)
Group 4A member: Eric( )
Sam( )
Wilbur ( )

2. Celluar phone Health concern
Brain cancer?
Affect memory?
Affect human analysis ability?

3. Motorola SAM Scan Profiler in Hong Kong

4. What is SAR?? SAR - Specific Absorption Rate
It is an indication of the amount of radiation that is absorbed into a head whilst using a cellular phone
A SAR value is a measure of the maximum energy absorbed by a unit of mass of exposed tissue.
Units = watts per kilogram (W/kg)

5. Definition of SAR Definition of SAR:
Ei : rms value of the electric field strength in the tissue in V/m
σ : Conductivity of body tissue in Kg/m3
Ci : heat capacity of body tissue in J/Kg K
: derivative of temperature in body tissue in K/s

6. Preparation - Laboratory
15˚c - 30˚c ±2˚c
No interact with local network
Be aware of ambient EM sources
Be aware of reflection from environment
Validation
At least once a year

7. Preparation - Mobile battery must be Fully charged
So that, the worst case (maximum power) obtained
At least 50cm between emulator antenna and the mobile
1‰ or less power from the antenna with respect to the mobile

8. Hardware System Overview
Change 2x9V batteries every 16 hours x z y
Indication
Board
Amplifier
3 channels DVM with DAQ card
Serial Ports: COM1, COM2, COM3
Position Controller
GPIB to grab the data from the DVM
Flat phantom
Left head
Right head

9. Tests to be performed Cheek and tilted
Left and right sides of the head
Center frequency of each band
Retractable antenna
Extended
Retracted
Multi-mode/multi-band
Performed in each mode with max power

10. Test Setup Mobile phone operating at the maximum power level
Phone holder described positions at a shell phantom of a human being

11. Test Setup
Probes with high sensitivity and low field disturbance are used
Move along X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis

12. Test setup
Electric field strength E is measured in the tissue simulating liquid
Tissue simulation liquid:
Dielectric properties
900MHz: 64.81% 1,2-propanediol; 34.4% de-ionized water; 0.79 NaCl salt

13. Phantom Requirements
The phantom is a simplified representation of the human anatomy and comprised of material with electrical properties similar to the corresponding tissues. The physical characteristics of the phantom model shall resemble the head and the neck of a user since the shape is a dominant parameter for exposure.

14. Phantom Requirements Shape is a dominant parameter for exposure.
90% large adult male study by anthropomorphic study in 1989
Fill with tissue simulating liquid through head to neck

15. Test Setup

16. Handset vertical and horizontal reference lines.

17. Phantom reference points.

18. Cheek Position

19. Tilted position

20. Validation Simplified performance checking System validation
Phantom setup
Dipole source
Dipole input power measurement
System check procedure
System validation
known SAR values of selected mobile

21. Test Setup

22. Validation Test installation (Use flat phantom)
For SAM Profiler, 250mW output will give 2.5mW/g.
11mm
250mW =24dBm
Directional
Coupler
Amplifier
Signal
Generator
Checked the
reflected power

23. SAM Profiler is used to control the Scan Profiler
SAM Profiler is used to control the Scan Profiler. The interface is shown below:

24. Result

29. Definition of SAR Definition of SAR:
Ei : rms value of the electric field strength in the tissue in V/m
σ : Conductivity of body tissue in Kg/m3
Ci : heat capacity of body tissue in J/Kg K
: derivative of temperature in body tissue in K/s

30. Quantization Having in mind a worst case consideration, the SAR limit is valid for uncontrolled environment mobile respectively portable transmitters.
Standard
Max allowable limit
ICNIRP
2 watt/kg
ANSI / IEEE
1.6 watt/kg

31. The SAR values of your mobile phone may be found from the following website

32. SAR values of some models
Manufacturer
Model
SAR values
Motorola
V80
0.54
V600
0.82
E398
1.01
Sony Ericsson
K500i
0.53
K700
0.48
P900
0.91
T630
0.88
Nokia
N-Gauge
0.57
7200
0.36
7600
0.71
Samsung
SGH-E800
0.32 .

33. Future Development
Whole body measurement

34. Thanks for attention

35. Q & A