1. Landscapes of Self-Determination: Power, Culture and Equity Part Two: The Mental Health Promotion Practitioner as an Agent of Self-Determination Presented by Dr Lewis Williams, Director, Prairie Region Health Promotion Research Centre August 16, 2005 Mental Health Promotion: Identity, Power & Culture Summer School 2005

2. Source This presentation is based on Lewis Williams’ PhD research, referenced on the last slide.This presentation is based on Lewis Williams’ PhD research, referenced on the last slide.

3. Using Your Power Transformatively: Knowing Your Own Practice Terrain In what ways do key cultural, professional and organizational forms of power shape my practice? How might I exercise agency within my own practice – i.e. the use of cultural, professional and organizational power in ways that increase self-determination and mental well-being?

4. The Transformative Use of Power by the Practitioner The transformative use of power can be thought of as those who have access to more power, particularly institutional forms, using it in ways to increase the power and choices of those who have less access to power. Practitioners have many opportunities to use their power this way.

5. Cultural Power: What Practitioners Say The challenges of working across different identity and cultural locations Drawing on the experience of marginal identities

6. Cultural Power: Reflective Questions How do my cultural identities and life experiences shape my values and perceptions of the world and people within it? What forms of power do I have access to and how do these influence the expression of my own cultural identities within my work? How do these power-culture dynamics influence my ability to work with people, particularly those of different cultural identities in ways that increase self-determination and mental wellbeing?

7. Professional Power: What Practitioner Say Unconsciously wearing your professional power The transformative use of professional power and the reflective contract

8. Professional Power: Reflective Questions How does my professional training conceptualize my role with people I work with? What are the power relations inherent in my professional role? How might I exercise my professional power to facilitate increased self- determination and mental well-being?

9. Organizational Power: What Practitioners Say Between Organization and community: dual accountability Power-culture and the health promoter as translator from multiple and shifting positions

10. The MPH Practitioner’s Agency Terrain External Agency Terrain (Institutional context) Knowledge systems Western/Indigenous Feminist, critical Public policies Treatment, prevention Promotion, development Institutional power Cultural and power base of organization Professional systems Which professional systems predominate Internal Agency Terrain (MHP practitioner) Consciousness Knowledge, critical thinking, spontaneity & intuition Identity Sense of self & herstory/history, self- esteem, sense of belonging Cultures Practitioners world views & cultural affiliations Professional power Professional knowledge and credentials Institutional status and role Role and position within organization External Agency Terrain (Community context) Globalization Global movement of capital & goods. Globalization of culture via print & electronic media Socio-cultural identities & statuses of groups Personal capacities, social, cultural identities & statuses Mental health capacities Access to employment, income, housing, culture, language, land, healthcare, etc MHP practice context Locale of interactions and associated rules/norms Social and organizational networks Degree of social cohesion, strength of horizontal & vertical networks Dominant institutions & social structures Cultural systems transmitted & degree of power base Williams, L. (2005).

11. Organizational Power Which cultural norms and values do the policies and practices of the organization I work for represent? How does the organization understand mental health promotion work? What are the opportunities and challenges inside and outside the organization for implementing MHP practice and policy?

12. What This Means for MHP Practice….Good practice criteria Taking account of cultural, professional and organizational power you have access to Constructs / theory behind practice Face Validity Transformative use of power

13. References Williams, L. (2005). The Mental Health Promotion Practitioner as an agent of self-determination: Reflections on Practice. Paper prepared for the Prairie Region Health Promotion Research Centre Summer School, University of Saskatchewan. Williams, L. (2001). Identity, culture and power: Frameworks for Self-determination of Communities at the Margins. Unpublished PhD Thesis, Massey University: Auckland.