1. RURAL AND REMOTE IMPLICATIONS OF A NEW STRUCTURE FOR AUSTRALIA’S HEALTH SYSTEM Andrew Podger Presentation to National Conference on Rural Health Albury, March 2007

2. INDICATORS OF PERFORMANCE Australia ranks third amongst comparable OECD countries for life expectancy, sixth for healthy life expectancy and third in overall health system effectiveness; relative to Canada, the UK and the US, a higher proportion of Australians see a doctor promptly when they need to, and rate their care as very good or excellent; waiting times for emergency departments are shorter than for the US, Canada and the UK; waiting times for elective surgery are shorter than for Canada, NZ and the UK; but life expectancy of Indigenous Australians is about 17 years below that of non-indigenous Australians.

3. Changes in mortality rates 1907 to 2000

4. Useful Incremental Measures in Recent Years Strengthening of General Practice Enhanced Primary Care for chronically ill Mental health initiatives Expansion of community aged care, and ‘ageing in place’ Some (slow) improvements in health information system

5. System Problems Fragmentation - reinforced by separate funding responsibilities Program and provider focus, rather than patient/consumer focus Poor allocative efficiency Limited information connectivity Cost shifting and blaming

6. Rural and Remote Issues and Developments Additional challenges –Access –Workforce –Costs Additional importance of flexibility / agility (connectedness) –and primary care Substantial but incremental initiatives over the last decade and more e.g. –Workforce incentives –MPS’s or Regional Health Services –Rural Primary Health Care –More Allied Health Services –Primary Health Care Access Program (for Indigenous communities)

7. Model for Single Commonwealth Funder Health System

8. Potential Benefits for Rural and Remote Communities 1.Transparency over allocation of resources across regions - ability to highlight regions receiving less than their population needs 2.Greater flexibility to find local solutions to regional problems 3.Informed choice about services to be provided locally (and greater allocational efficiency)

9. Incremental Measures in line with Systemic Reform AIHW to prepare independent regional health reports Increased, highly flexible Australian Government funding for primary care and prevention, focussed on regions with well below average healthcare spending relative to need Long-term commitment to steady increase of primary care funding for Indigenous communities Use additional primary care funding to promote greater cooperation between C’wlth and states within regions C’wlth to take full and direct responsibility for all non- acute aged care services Continue investment into integrated patient information systems

10. Conclusions Many aspects of my proposals are debateable - I am not wedded to all the details Systemic changes do not automatically deliver benefits – they must be complemented by good management and practical measures to address real health care issues on the ground

11. Conclusions (cont’d) But we do need a more integrated national health system - with a single funder We also need to ensure incremental reform in the meantime will make such a move easier in the future There would be particular benefits in rural and remote Australia –so long as the system genuinely allows greater flexibility in those areas –and delivers a more equitable share of resources