1. Ch. 8-4 FIGHTING AGAINST SLAVERY AMERICAN HISTORY

2. THE LIVES OF ENSLAVED AFRICAN AMERICANS Slavery was part of America for 2 centuries 1860-Nearly 4 million African Americans lived in slavery A LIFE OF WORK Slaves considered property not people Most slaves lived on farms and plantations Men, women, and children expected or forced to work at the demand of the owner

3. Some slaves worked in fields while some worked in the house A LIFE OF WANT Enslaved people lived in barely tolerable conditions The food for slaves was as bad as the shelter

4. A LIFE OF FEAR Slave owners treated slaves fairly well in return for loyal service Punishments included beating, whipping, starving and threats to family members A reality for slaves was the threat of being separated from their families

5. A LIFE OF HOPE Slaves had remarkable endurance Storytelling helped to pass the time and pass information from generation to generation Slaves waited for the day that they would be free.

6. THE ANTISLAVERY MOVEMENT IN THE SOUTH 1860—215,000 “free blacks” Former slaves who were emancipated by their owners Faced harsh legal and social discrimination SLAVE REVOLTS 1776-1860—over 200 slave uprising and plots occurred

7. ESCAPE Non-violent way to end enslavement They tried to reach the North, Canada, or Mexico THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD Informal, constantly changing network of escape routes No formal organization

8. THE ABOLITION MOVEMENT A campaign to abolish, or end, slavery No other movement attracted more followers RELIGIOUS ROOTS Colonial period—Quakers condemned slavery WILLIAM LLOYD GARRISON Leading abolitionist spokesman Published an abolitionist newspaper “The Liberator”

9. Garrison continued the publication until slavery was abolished—35 years Founded the Anti-Slavery Society—1833 LEADING ABOLITIONISTS Sarah and Angelina Grimke Witnessed the suffering of slaves firsthand Frederick Douglas—supported women’s rights Featured speaker at Seneca Falls

10. Douglass born into slavery in MD Escaped as a young man of 20 1845—autobiography—”Narrative of Life of Frederick Douglass” OPPOSITION TO ABOLITION Majority of white southerners did not own slaves Southern ministers constructed elaborate reasons justifying slavery