1. The 1920s

2. The 1920s: Part One

3. The 1920s By 1931, city-dwellers out-number rural Canadians for the first time.

4. The 1920s An era of good times for many Canadians.

5. The 1920s Glenbow Museum Archives, ND-2-399.

6. The 1920s: Racism KKK grew in popularity in Canada. It was especially popular in the Prairie provinces.

7. The 1920s: Racism KKK hated Jews, blacks & Catholics. In 1915 in the US, a Jewish man named Leo Frank was accused of the rape and murder of Mary Phagan, a 13-year-old girl employed at his factory. He was found guilty and sentenced to life in prison.

8. The 1920s: Racism

9. After the trial, a group of racists kidnapped him from jail and hung him. Approximately half of Georgia’s 3000 Jews fled the state after the lynching. No one was ever found “guilty” of lynching because Georgia had a “lynch law” to protect mobs from facing persecution. “[W]hen mobs are no longer possible liberty will be dead.” - “journalist” Tom Watson

10. The 1920s: Racism In Duluth, Minnesota, 1920 Rumours circulated among a mob That six African-Americans had raped a teenage girl. A physician’s examination later showed no evidence of rape or assault. HERE’S WHAT HAPPENED: -2 teen girls go to the circus -After, they watch the black workers take down the circus tent -One girl claims to get raped by 5-6 workers -Blacks are arrested and thrown in jail.

11. The 1920s: Racism In Duluth, Minnesota, 1920 Rumours circulated among a mob That six African-Americans had raped a teenage girl. A physician’s examination later showed no evidence of rape or assault. HERE’S WHAT HAPPENED: -2 teen girls go to the circus -After, they watch the black workers take down the circus tent -One girl claims to get raped by 5-6 workers -Blacks are arrested and thrown in jail. -5,000-10,000 people storm the ail and beat and hang the accuse. -Police are ordered not to resist the mob. 12 men are sentenced for first degree murder.

12. The 1920s: Jazz

13. The 1920s: Americanism Warren G. Harding U.S. President, 1921-23 In 1923, in Vancouver, Harding says of Canada: “We think the same thoughts, live the same lives, and cherish the same aspirations…”

14. The 1920s: League of Nations League of Nations, Geneva Opening Session, Nov. 15, 1920

15. The 1920s: League of Nations League of Nations, Geneva Opening Session, Nov. 15, 1920 Sir George Foster Charles Doherty N.W. Rowell Canadian Delegates

16. The 1920s: Halibut Treaty A Treaty concerning fishing rights in the Northern Pacific Ocean First treaty signed and negotiated independently by Canada. This right had to be fought for by PM Mackenzie King

17. The 1920s: Chanak Affair William Lyon Mackenzie King Prime Minister 1921-26, 1926-30, 1935-48 Chanak Crisis, 1922 Mustapha Kemal

18. The 1920s: About Mackenzie King Born in Berlin, Ontario (now Kitchener) Supported Laurier in opposition to conscription, which made him liked in Quebec. Became Liberal party leader after Laurier died. Beat Arthur Meighen in 1921 election, forming the FIRST MINORITY GOVERNMENT in Canadian history.

19. The 1920s: About Mackenzie King PERSONAL STUFF: - Kept a detailed diary from 1893 (age 19) until his death in 1950. -Liked to communicate with dead spirits such as Sir Wilfrid Laurier, President Roosevelt, Leonardo da Vinci, his dead mother, and his dead dogs, all of whom were named Pat (except one he named BOB). - All his dogs were Irish Terriers. -Kept his occult leanings a secret. - Never married, but had several women friends, Including a married women he saw often. - His diary suggests he had regular sex with prostitutes. Others suggest he was gay and in love with the Governor General.

20. The 1920s: About Mackenzie King PERSONAL STUFF: RANKED AS #1 Canadian Prime Minister by Canadian historians. Voters did not love him. His writing was boring. He didn’t do well on radio or (later) TV He lacked charm and never married. He was a workaholic and had good understanding of economy. Wanted to uplift Canadians. Wanted to modernize Canada. MOST FAMOUS QUOTE: "A true man does not only stand up for himself, he stands up for those that do not have the ability to".

21. The 1920s: About Mackenzie King William Lyon Mackenzie King He sat in the middle and played with string He loved his mother like anything William Lyon Mackenzie King Poem from the kid’s book: ALLIGATOR PIE

22. The 1920s: King Byng affair William Lyon Mackenzie King Prime Minister, 1921-26,1926-30, 1935-1948 Sir Julian Hedworth George Byng, Viscount Byng of Vimy Governor General, 1921-26

23. The King-Byng Affair, 1926 The 1920s: King Byng affair Robert BordenWilfrid Laurier Party1917192119251926 Unionist153 (65%) Liberal82 (35%) Total235

24. The 1920s: King Byng affair Arthur Meighen Prime Minister 1920-21, 1926 Robert Borden Prime Minister 1911-20

25. The King-Byng Affair, 1926 Party1917192119251926 Unionist Conservative 153 (65%)50 (22%) Liberal82 (35%)117 (49%) Progressive 64 (27%) Labour 3 Independent 1 Total235 The 1920s: Part One Arthur Meighen Mackenzie King LIBERALS WIN MINORITY GOVERNMENT

26. The King-Byng Affair, 1926 Party1917192119251926 Unionist Conservative 153 (65%)50 (22%)116 (47%) Liberal82 (35%)117 (49%)101 (41%) Progressive 64 (27%)24 (10%) Labour 32 Independent 12 Total235 245 The 1920s: Part One Arthur Meighen Mackenzie King KING SAYS HE HAS WON MINORITY GOV’T KING LOST HIS SEAT but stayed on as Prime Minister!

27. Arthur Meighen Baron Byng Mackenzie King The 1920s: King Byng affair I don’t care if I wasn’t really elected… I’m staying on as PM! That is SUPER SKETCHY dude. This sucks!

28. The 1920s: King Byng affair Jacques Bureau The King-Byng Affair, 1926 Sorry, William, I was taking bribes. As leader of the Progressive Party, I demand you replace this foo’! Thomas Crerar, Progressive Party Leader

29. Arthur Meighen Baron Byng Mackenzie King The 1920s: King Byng affair Um… so… uh… one of my appointees was found to be taking bribes. That is SUPER SKETCHY dude. Resign! A few months later…

30. Arthur Meighen Baron Byng Mackenzie King The 1920s: King Byng affair I am not resigning. I replaced him. By the way, Byng, could you give the guy I replaced a job in the Senate? That is SUPER SKETCHY dude. He was taking bribes!

31. Arthur Meighen Baron Byng Mackenzie King The 1920s: King Byng affair Um… so things are getting rough here in Parliament! Time for an election! You’re not getting out of it that easy! I want to topple your government and embarrass you! Sorry bud. No election!

32. Arthur Meighen Baron Byng The 1920s: King Byng affair Your turn! Sweet I’m PM! Mackenzie King This is an outrage!

33. Arthur Meighen Baron Byng The 1920s: King Byng affair Mackenzie King I demand you call an election! Fine!

34. The King-Byng Affair, 1926 Party1917192119251926 Unionist Conservative 153 (65%)50 (22%)116 (47%)91 (37%) Liberal82 (35%)117 (49%)101 (41%)116 (47%) Progressive 64 (27%)24 (10%)33 (13%) Labour 32 3 Independent 12 2 Total235 245 The 1920s: Part One Arthur Meighen Mackenzie King

35. Arthur Meighen Baron Byng The 1920s: King Byng affair How?! I won. Haha. Mackenzie King

36. The 1920s: Prohibition Prohibition in the U.S.

37. The 1920s: Prohibition Prohibition in the U.S. 18 th Amendment  adopted by Congress, 1918  ratified by the states, 1919  came into force 1920 Volstead Act, 1919 .05% limit Andrew Volstead Congressman, 1903-1923  18 th Amendment repealed 1933 (21 st Amendment)