1. Expanding Trade: Empowering Women. Are we missing a trick? Why gender matters for trade? Dr Katja Jobes Social Development Adviser Aid for Trade Team Trade Policy Unit DFID June 9 2010 Washington World Bank

2. 70% of the world’s poor are women and girls The Gender Inequality Challenge Source: Langerkamp, ITC 2009

3. Women play a crucial role in economic production & trade as producers, workers, consumers, cross border traders …………….. 80% of the world’s 50 million jobs in export processing zones are held by women The labour force is predominantly female in major export industries, such as light manufacturing, garments, horticulture and food production Women dominate the agricultural sector and produce more than 50% of the world’s foodstuffs. In Kenya women account for 75-89% of the agricultural labour force. In Southeast Asia women provide 90% labour in rice cultivation 30 - 40% of regional trade in Southern Africa is informal cross border trade at a value of $17.6 billion per year. 70% of informal cross-border traders are women Source ITCFU 2005 ICRW 2008, Williams 2003,Unifem 2009

4. The economy as a gendered structure … Pictures courtesy Marzia Fontana

5. The economy as a gendered structure … Pictures courtesy Marzia Fontana

6. The economy as a gendered structure …….. Picture courtesy Ros Eyben

7. Trade Income Employment Working conditions Consumption Intra-household dynamics and women’s empowerment Impacts Production Factors Land & capital Human capital, labour, education & skills Other institutional, social and cultural factors Mediating Factors Comparative advantage Trade - Gender Linkages & Mediating Factors Public services Provision

8. Top tips for gender mainstreaming in trade support/ AfT programming Integrate gender in project cycle management & diagnostic tools through sex disaggregated data & social analysis. Integrate gender analysis as far as possible in all trade work areas Ensure consultations involve male and female stakeholders – entrepreneurs, producers, traders, exporters and workers, consumers. Ensure governance, management and team structure of programs include gender and social development skills and capacity mix. Improve collection of sex-disaggregated data and use of gender analysis. Facilitate regional, small-volume trading

9. Concrete Entry Points Trade policy & trade agreements Diagnostic tools and analysis – DTIS, Trade and Export Strategies, export competitiveness diagnostics Trade Facilitation – e.g. border audits, corridor diagnostic tools Demonstrating Results: M&E and Gender impact assessment – incl baselines development, disaggregated data