1. Shielded Metal Arc Welding
SMAW
Shielded Metal Arc Welding

2. OFW/OFC
OXY FUEL WELDING
OXY FUEL CUTTING

3. Purge
To blow or clean out the lines on the Oxy/Acetylene setup

4. Flux Powdered coating around the electrode used in SMAW process.
1) Cleans metal/weld while welding
2) Cools Metal/weld/electrode while welding
3) Stabilizes the arc while welding
4) Keeps out atmospheric gases from the molten puddle

5. Electrode
Flux covered conductive rod used as filler in the SMAW process

6. Slag
Protective coating over completed weld made up of burnt flux, impurities that have rose to the top of weld which aid in the cooling process.

7. Crater
Indentation in the weld (below base metal) usually happens at the end of the weld

8. Arc Length
Distance between the tip of the electrode and the base metal. Also known as Arc Gap.
Long Arc = large Gap
Short Arc = Small Gap
Shorter the Gap = Cooler the Arc
Longer the Gap = Hotter the Arc

9. Rod Angle Angle the electrode is held from the base metal
1)Base Angle (BA)
2)Direction of Travel Angle (DOTA)

10. Porosity Gas Pocket in/on the weld that is a defect in the weld.
Long arc will cause
Dirty base metal
Broken flux from the rod.

11. Fusion
Combining or joining of two materials

12. Penetration
Depth of Fusion

13. Ductility Ability of metal to be bent or stretched without breaking
1) Rolled
2) Bent
3) Stretched

14. Alloy What metal is made up of (Elements) 1) Periodic Table Zinc
Magnesium
Iron

15. Flashback/Backfire
Hissing or Popping sound from tip of torch caused by gas and flame going back into the tip.
Tip to close
Dirty Tip
Malfunction of equipment

16. Amps The measure of Electrical Flow 1) electrons traveling
2) Water running out of a garden hose would be compared to Amps
3) Water Flow/Electrical Flow

17. Volts Measure of Electrical Pressure 1) Force of electrons
2) Compared to your finger over a running garden hose to generate more pressure.
3) water pressure/Electrical pressure

18. Puddle
Molten metal that follows the electrode, this solidifies to create the weld.

19. Arc Flash/Flash Burn
Dangerous lights produced during Arc Welding that damage your eyes/skin if not protected with shaded/filtered lens or protective clothing.
Dangerous lights: Ultraviolet/Infrared
Arc Flash: Burns unprotected eyes
Flash Burn: Burns unprotected skin
SMAW <125 amps shade 10

20. Flash/Arc Burn Ultraviolent/Infrared Light

21. Butt Joint

22. Corner Joint
Outside
Inside

23. Edge Joint

24. T Joint

25. Lap Joint

26. Electrode #’s Tensile Strength 60 = 60,000 psi 70 = 70,000 psi
Welding Position
1 = All Positions
2 = Flat/Horizontal
3 = Flat Only
Special Characteristics
0 = Deep/DC + / Fast Freeze
1 = Deep/AC/DC + / Fast Freeze
3 = Shallow /AC/DC+/DC-
8 = Medium / AC/DC+/Low Hydro

27. X 1000 lbs sq inch Tensile Strength Special Characteristics
Current Type
Flux Characteristics
Metal Type
Penetration
Electrode E
Position

28. E 60 11 Special Characteristics 60,000 psi Electrode E 60 1 1
Deep Penetration
Cellulose Potassium flux
Fast Freeze
AC/DC+ (current)
60,000 psi
Electrode E
All Position

29. E 60 1 0 Special Characteristics 60,000 psi Electrode E 60 1 0
Deep Penetration
Cellulose sodium flux
Fast Freeze
DC+ (current)
60,000 psi
Electrode E
All Position

30. E 70 1 8 Special Characteristics 70,000 psi Electrode E 70 1 8
Medium Penetration
Iron Powder Low Hydrogen flux
AC/ DC+ (current)
70,000 psi
Electrode E
All Position

31. E 60 1 3 Special Characteristics 60,000 psi Electrode E 60 1 3
Shallow Penetration
Titania Potassium flux
AC / DC+ / DC - (current)
60,000 psi
Electrode E
All Position

32. Electrode #’s Quiz Slide80
80,000 psi tensile strength 2
Flat/Horizontal Position 1
Fast Freeze
Deep Penetration
AC/DC +
Electrode
Tensile Strength
60 = 60,000 psi
70 = 70,000 psi
80 = 80,000 psi
90 = 90,000 psi
Welding Position
1 = All Positions
2 = Flat/Horizontal
3 = Flat Only
Special Characteristics
0 = Deep/DC + / Fast Freeze
1 = Deep/AC/DC + / Fast Freeze
3 = Shallow /AC/DC+/DC-
8 = Medium / AC/DC+/Low Hydro
Low Hydrogen Flux
Medium Penetration
AC/DC + E 60
60,000 psi tensile strength 3
Flat Position
Only 8
Electrode

35. B. Welding Procedures (Cont.)
b. A tapping movement is where the electrode is quickly tapped on the surface of the metal to prevent it from sticking to the base metal.

36. 4 Things Required for a Good Weld
Amp Setting : Heat and (proper current type)
Travel Speed
Rod Angle: (Base Angle/Direction of Travel Angle)
Arc Length: Gap Should Equal Diameter of Electrode

37. B. Welding Procedures (Cont.)
8. There are two methods used in starting the arc.
A striking movement is similar to striking a match.

38. Welding Positions Flat Horizontal
Vertical: V Up/V Down (v up Gives deeper penetration)
Overhead

39. Flame Types

40. Oxygen Odorless Gas Colorless Gas Line Colors Green
Right Handed Threads on Fittings

41. Types of Combustible Gases
3 types commonly Used for Fuel in Oxy/Fuel Welding and Cutting
Acetylene
Propane
Mapp Gas (methylacetylene-propadiene propane)

42. acetylene Colorless Gas Garlic Odor Unstable after 15psi Line Pressure
Absorbed into Acetone (cork) to allow higher pressures in Tank
Red Colored Hoses w/ Left Handed Threads

43. Duty Cycle
The amount of time a welding machine can be operated continuously
70% Duty Cycle= 70% of an hour
70% Duty Cycle = 7 minutes every 10 min

44. Polarity
DC+ DC-
DCEP DCEN
Reverse Polarity Straight Polarity