1. Do Now  Come in quietly.  Sit down and take out 2 sheets of binder paper, a pen or pencil and eraser.  Put your study guide with your name on top in the middle of the table.  Be ready to do the essay portion of the test.  When you are finished, copy down today’s objective, standards, and do the warm up. After you complete that, you may start the homework.

2. Imperialism! 10.4.1 - Describe the rise of industrial economies and their link to imperialism and colonialism (e.g., the role played by national security and strategic advantage; moral issues raised by the search for national hegemony, Social Darwinism, and the missionary impulse; material issues such as land, resources, and technology). 10.4.3 - Explain imperialism from the perspective of the colonizers and the colonized and the varied immediate and long-term responses by the people under colonial rule.

3. Warm Up: What do you think the word Imperialism means and where might have you been exposed to this word? Standard  10.4.1 - Describe the rise of industrial economies and their link to imperialism and colonial­ ism (e.g., the role played by national security and strategic advantage; moral issues raised by the search for national hegemony, Social Darwinism, and the missionary impulse; material issues such as land, resources, and technology).  10.4.3 - Explain imperialism from the perspective of the colonizers and the colonized and the varied immediate and long-term responses by the people under colonial rule. Objective  I will apply my knowledge of the Industrial Revolution to the Age of Imperialism in the form of a game called “Scramble for Africa”

4. Industrialism and Imperialism  Why do you think European countries wanted to expand?  What is the most important factor of industrialization?  What is the second most important factor?  Predict how these factor might play a role in imperialism!

5. Scramble for Africa!  Rules  Read your Goal cards and DO NOT let anyone else see your card.  Set the order who goes first (this is written on your goal card  Write your name using the expo marker for areas you claim.  You may overlap territories but you may also force them out of an area you really want. You may use military power, but you may only use this once!  Teacher will settle all disputes, keep disputed areas to the end  How do you win?  Meet your goal as best as you can.  Once the board has been settled, reveal your goals to each other to see if anyone met their goal.

6. Things to remember!  Copy down all your moves!  Follow your goal card!  Be smart what you choose!  Be good at Rock, Paper, Scissors  Don’t be bad at Rock, Paper, Scissors  Military force – you can kick 1 country out of a territory you want, but you have a limited amount.  Options: You can claim new territory, negotiate with another country and move borders, or go to war (military power or rock, paper, scissors.  Great Britain has a strong army = 1 Victory whenever going to war.  Portugal has a strong navy = 1 Victory for any coast or island during war  Great Britain was the first to industrialize – start with 2 colonies.  Great Britain has 4 “military powers”  France has 2 “military powers”  All other countries have 1 “military powers”

7. Warm Up: Look at your map and the map of what actually happened, how close were your maps? (number 5 on your handout!) Standard  10.4.1 - Describe the rise of industrial economies and their link to imperialism and colonial­ ism (e.g., the role played by national security and strategic advantage; moral issues raised by the search for national hegemony, Social Darwinism, and the missionary impulse; material issues such as land, resources, and technology).  10.4.3 - Explain imperialism from the perspective of the colonizers and the colonized and the varied immediate and long-term responses by the people under colonial rule. Objective  I will take the knowledge of the game and compare it to the what actually happened during the “Scramble For Africa”

8. Countries and Goals  Great Britain: Your goal will be to conquer as much of the African continent as possible.  France: Your goal will be to expand from the West African coast toward Central Africa because of the diamonds and gold.  Italy : Your goal will be to gain as many territories as possible.  Portugal - You want to control as many coastal territories as possible.  Spain – You want to have the regions in west, central and southern Africa because that is where you find the most natural resources.  Germany: Your goal will be to gain as many territories as possible and you want 1 west and 1 east colony.  Belgium: Place as many markers as you possibly can in the center of Africa, focusing on central Africa for the rubber.

9. The Scramble for Africa  Why did Europeans want to take Africa?  Source or raw materials  Market for their industrial products  By what means did they start to take over Africa?  Imperialism! – the seizure of a country or territory by a stronger country.

10. What was Africa Like before Europeans?  Civilization was divided into hundreds of different groups.  Some followed their original beliefs, while others converted to Islam or Christianity  Africa was able to keep Europeans out for 400 years till the 1880’s when Europeans only controlled 10% of Africa  Europeans could not navigate central Africa and could not handle their rivers.  Africans had their own trade networks which were not dependent on the Europeans  Who did make it to Africa?  Explorers, Missionaries and, Humanitarians who opposed the slave trade

11. The Congo? Why the Congo?  Henry Stanley, a reporter, went to look for a missing missionary, David Livingstone.  Eventually Stanley set off himself to explore the Congo River  Signed treaties with the locals and gave control to Belgium  King Leopold II of Belgium wanted to abolish slavery and promote Christianity  His other motive was to have the Africans extract rubber from the plants.  Because of the exploitations, Belgium takes the from Leopold  Starts the Scramble for Africa

12. What drove Imperialism?  Needed new markets to sell their goods to  Needed raw materials to improve their economies  Eurocentric Superiority  Europeans believed that they were better than every one else (nationalism – pride in one’s country) which lead to a competition of who could own the most

13. Now you took the land, how do you control the people?  Maxim Machine Gun  First automatic machine gun  Africa’s primitive weapons were no match  Steam Engine  Allowed the Europeans to travel up rivers more efficiently and control Africa (Steam Boat)  Railroads connected colonies together  Better Medicine  Malaria kept them on the coast, but with a drug (quinine), it protected them from contracting the disease  No unity among the tribes  Too many different languages and customs lead to many wars between different tribes.

14. Divide and Conquer!  Division of Africa begins in 1880  French expansion toward Western Sudan  Discovery diamonds and gold in South Africa lead to more interest  The Berlin Conference  Had a conference to prevent war between the 14 different nations trying to claim Africa  Rules – notify the others that you are claiming that area and being able to back up the claim  Did not care about those who already inhabited the area  After effects – only 2 countries (Ethiopia and Liberia) remained free

15. Check for Understanding! Q: What were the 2 main reasons the Europeans take over Africa? A: The Europeans needed new markets to sell their goods to and they also needed raw materials to improve their economies.

16. Europeans Miscalculate  Africans do not have much use for the European goods.  Europeans need the natural resources of Africa  Find a lot of minerals and elements (such as tin and copper)  Gold and Diamonds were among the riches Europeans went for  Develop cash crop plantations  Grow peanuts, palm oil, cocoa, and rubber  Kicked the Africans out who used the land to grow food for their families

17. The fight for South Africa!  The Africans, Dutch and the British all fight for the land and resources of South Africa  The Africans, lead by Shaka (from the Zulu tribe), were no match for the British and their advanced weapons  Were very close to defeating the British even with the use of only spears and shields.  Britain takes over in 1887  Dutch were the first to settle the Cape of Good Hope (the southern most tip of Africa)  Boers (Dutch for farmers) settled and took the African land for farming  Clashed with the British (when they took over) over land and slaves  Boers moved out of South Africa and eventually fought the Zulu when they moved up.

18. The Boer War!  Discovery of diamonds and gold lead to a rush to South Africa  Boers tried to keep people out and from gaining political power  Boers believe that the British tried to start an uprising against them and the Boers declared war on the British  Boers used guerilla tactics and raids while the British burned their farms and put their prisoners in concentration camps  Black South Africans fought on the side of the Boers to keep the British out.  Britain is victorious in 1910 and creates the Union of South Africa